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Pathophysiology of Fluorosis and Calcium Dose Prediction for Its Reversal in Children: Mathematical Modeling, Analysis, and Simulation of Three Clinical Case Studies
Published in P. Mereena Luke, K. R. Dhanya, Didier Rouxel, Nandakumar Kalarikkal, Sabu Thomas, Advanced Studies in Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 2021
Suja George, A. B. Gupta, Mayank Mehta, Akshara Goyal
Calcium is one of the key ions affected by fluoride intake; and the role of calcium supplementation is termed as an essential step in the treatment of fluorosis. Oral calcium supplementation not only helps in chelating the fluo-ride ion in the gut forming insoluble compound calcium fluoride (CaF2), but also helps to maintain the calcium homeostasis in the body and as a net result reduces the conditions of calcium stress due to fluoride ingestion.
Stannous Fluoride
Published in Anton C. de Groot, Monographs in Contact Allergy, 2021
Stannous fluoride is a compound commonly used in toothpastes for the prevention of gingivitis, dental infections, cavities, and to relieve dental hypersensitivity. Although similar in function and activity to sodium fluoride (NaF), which is the conventionally added ingredient in toothpastes, stannous fluoride has been shown to be more effective at stopping and reversing dental lesions. It manages and prevents dental caries and gingivitis by promoting enamel mineralization, reducing gingival inflammation and bleeding through its potential broad-spectrum antibiotic effect and modulation of the microbial composition of the dental biofilm. Also, a stable acid-resistant layer is deposited on the tooth surfaces which is composed of calcium fluoride produced when stannous fluoride converts the calcium mineral apatite into fluorapatite (1).
Interactions between Oral Bacteria and Antibacterial Polymer-Based Restorative Materials
Published in Mary Anne S. Melo, Designing Bioactive Polymeric Materials for Restorative Dentistry, 2020
Fernando L. Esteban Florez, Sharukh S. Khajotia
Numerous studies have shown the ability of fluoride to downregulate some essential virulence factors of S. mutans, such as the ability to produce acids and glucans (both soluble and insoluble).[131–133] The latter anti-cariogenic mechanism of fluoride is associated with the formation of fluorapatite [Ca5(PO4)3F] and calcium fluoride (CaF2), which are species with reduced solubility levels in lactic acid and were demonstrated to favor the remineralization of the tooth structure.[134–136] Principal examples of antibacterial materials containing fluoride include polyacid-modified composite resins, glass-ionomer cements (conventional and resin-modified), giomers, and glass carbomers.
Analysis of laboratory adhesion studies in eroded enamel and dentin: a scoping review
Published in Biomaterial Investigations in Dentistry, 2021
Madalena Belmar da Costa, António H. S. Delgado, Teresa Pinheiro de Melo, Tomás Amorim, Ana Mano Azul
As for reestablishing mineral loss in dentin and trying to revert alterations caused by acid erosion, different pretreatments were tested. Some remineralizing agents like stannous-chloride and amine fluoride (SnCl2/AmF) were not persistent and did not increase the bond strength to eroded dentin nor did arginine-containing toothpastes [38,48]. In spite of these results, other types of remineralizing agents may lead to precipitation of calcium-fluoride-like deposits on the tooth surface, thus reducing the erosive mineral loss in dentin, as shown by Flury while experimenting with NaF and Sn/F solutions [55]. Krithi [34], on one hand, also demonstrated that sodium fluoride (NaF) showed improvement in bond strength results. On the other hand, the authors stressed the need for more studies regarding NovaMin [34], a type of bioglass composed of calcium sodium phosphor-silicate and usually indicated for dentin hypersensitivity [60]. Since remineralizing agents have a vast intervention field in operative dentistry and very few studies investigated these agents, further studies should be considered.
Pyrrole derivatives as potential anti-cancer therapeutics: synthesis, mechanisms of action, safety
Published in Journal of Drug Targeting, 2020
Halyna Kuznietsova, Natalia Dziubenko, Iryna Byelinska, Vasyl Hurmach, Andriy Bychko, Oksana Lynchak, Demyd Milokhov, Olga Khilya, Volodymyr Rybalchenko
To investigate the precise mechanisms of interaction of PDs with the lipid matrix of the cell membrane we used the method of infra-red (IR) spectroscopy of PC dry films modified by tested compounds. The lipid samples were taken from a system composed with two non-mixing solutions (aqueous 10−5M PD solution and n-decane 0.5% PC solution) in 20 min after their contact. The sample was applied on calcium fluoride substrate and then dried up with warm air (+55 °C). The thickness of dry films used in experiment was 10.2 ± 0.3 μm. IR transmission spectra were recorded using a two-beam IR spectrophotometer. Each spectrum was truncated to the range of 4200–1200 cm−1. A background spectrum was collected by placing a clean CaF2 substrate in the sample holder. The background was checked at the beginning of the experiment and then after every fourth sample. Identification of absorption bands was conducted according to [40]. All assays were performed in triplicate.
Comparison of remineralization by fluoride varnishes with and without casein phosphopeptide amorphous calcium phosphate in primary teeth
Published in Acta Odontologica Scandinavica, 2019
Nehal Raid Salman, Magda ElTekeya, Niveen Bakry, Samia Soliman Omar, Maha El Tantawi
Some previous studies – in contrast to ours – reported lower effect on caries lesion depth of MI varnish compared to varnishes containing only fluoride [27,29,30]. A study reported that MI varnish had three times as much fluoride release as 5% NaF Prevident varnish but about one third the effect on uptake leading to equal effects of the two varnishes on surface hardness [27]. In that study, however, a different methodology used surface hardness as a proxy for remineralization and this may explain the difference between their results ad ours. Another study reported less effect of MI varnish on lesion depth and mineral loss in permanent teeth than 5% NaF Duraphat varnish [29]. The differences between these studies and ours might be attributed to mainly different methodologies and to a lesser extent to the greater release of inorganic phosphate by MI varnish that may reduce calcium fluoride formation and decrease the bioavailability of fluoride needed for remineralization [30].