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Postmenopause
Published in Carolyn Torkelson, Catherine Marienau, Beyond Menopause, 2023
Carolyn Torkelson, Catherine Marienau
Boswellia is a gum resin extracted from a tree that is native to India and Arabia. It contains anti-inflammatory compounds known as boswellic acids, which act to prevent the formation of certain pro-inflammatory chemicals, such as leukotriene and prostaglandin. Given its anti-inflammatory benefits, boswellia is used to support healthy joints and other inflammatory conditions.
The Role of Plant-Based Natural Compounds in Inflammation
Published in Namrita Lall, Medicinal Plants for Cosmetics, Health and Diseases, 2022
Marcela Dvorakova, Premysl Landa, Lenka Langhansova
The inhibitory activity of various BAs toward 5-LOX was studied by Siemoneit et al. (2009). In cell-free in vitro assay, AKBA showed the highest potency with an IC50 of 2.9 µM, followed by 11-keto-β-boswellic acid (KBA) with an IC50 of 6.3 µM. Rather low inhibitory activity was observed for three other BAs, α-boswellic acid (α-BA, 15.3 µM), β-boswellic acid (β-BA, 23.9 µM) and acetyl β-boswellic acid (A-β-BA, 30 µM). However, the activity of these acids in cell-free assays was found to strongly depend on factors regulating 5-LOX catalysis. In cell-based assays, both AKBA and KBA inhibited 5-LOX in isolated human neutrophils with IC50 values of 3.2 µM and 8.8 µM, respectively. From the other acids, only α-BA displayed an IC50 value below 30 µM (23.1 µM). When exogenous AA was supplied, IC50 value for α-BA decreased (16.0 µM) and β-BA exhibited inhibitory activity with an IC50 of 28.1 µM. On the contrary, AKBA and KBA were not able to inhibit 5-LOX in whole blood cells (Siemoneit et al., 2009). This may be caused by their high plasma protein binding. Similarly, their activity in neutrophils was abolished in the presence of albumin. In addition, it was reported that AKBA and KBA suffer from poor bioavailability, and their concentration in plasma is thus negligible (Buchele and Simmet, 2003; Krueger et al., 2008; Krueger et al., 2009; Tausch et al., 2009).
Herbal Anti-Arthritic Drug Discovery Tool Based on Inflammatory Biomarkers
Published in Mahfoozur Rahman, Sarwar Beg, Mazin A. Zamzami, Hani Choudhry, Aftab Ahmad, Khalid S. Alharbi, Biomarkers as Targeted Herbal Drug Discovery, 2022
Mahfoozur Rahman, Ankit Sahoo, Sarwar Beg
The bark of Boswellia (family Burseraceae) having sweet, cooling, and tonic effect and contain boswellic acid resin as the main chemical constituent and it’s 13-form has anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic activities. Commonly Boswellia is useful in fever, cough, asthma, urethrorrhea, diaphoresis, convulsion, chronic laryngitis, and jaundice and is analgesic, antihyperlipidemic, and anti-atherosclerotic (James et al., 1991). In both adults and children with RA experienced effective relief from the symptoms when treated with Boswellia, despite having responded poorly in the past to standard therapies such as (NSAIDs) (Kimmatkar et al., 2003). In an animal study, Boswellic acid show significantly reduced in the infiltration of leukocytes in the knee joint and in turn, significantly reduced inflammation (Kimmatkar et al., 2003). A clinical study was conducted to assess the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of Boswellia serrata (BS). BS extract was given to the 30 patients of arthritis, 15 each receiving active drug or placebo for 8 weeks founds decrease in knee pain, increase knee flexion, and a decrease in the frequency of swelling in the knee joint (Anthoni et al., 2003).
Evaluation of the Health Benefits of a Multivitamin, Multimineral, Herbal, Essential Oil–Infused Supplement: A Pilot Trial
Published in Journal of Dietary Supplements, 2018
Xuesheng Han, Dennis L. Eggett, Tory L. Parker
The ingredients found in LLV include omega-3 fatty acids, boswellic acids, vitamins and minerals, and L-carnitine. Omega-3 fatty acids are generally considered anti-inflammatory. Fish oil supplements have been reported to have cardiovascular benefits (Minihane, 2013) and have been studied as treatments for depression and mood disorders as they support brain development and function (Song, 2013). This suggests that fish oil supplements may decrease pain and improve mental focus. Boswellic acids are specific, nonreducing inhibitors of 5-lipoxygenase and thus inhibit leukotriene synthesis (Safayhi et al., 1992). These compounds are thought to decrease inflammatory markers and the numbers of white blood cells at sites of trauma, which leads to faster healing (Kimmatkar et al., 2003). These findings suggest that boswellic acids may have potential effects on pain and immunity. Vitamins and minerals help maintain an appropriate nutritional state, which is an important factor for a healthy immune system. Vitamins and minerals are thus important for immune function (Maggini et al., 2007). L-carnitine, which is an amino acid derivative, functions as a shuttle between the cytoplasm and mitochondria for long-chain fatty acids and allows beta-oxidation to take place in the mitochondria. This process produces energy and controls fatty acid accumulation (Liu, Lin, & Chang, 2013). Thus, L-carnitine may contribute to the reported increases in energy levels.
Safety assessment of a novel water-soluble extract of Boswellia serrata gum resin: acute toxicity, 90-day sub-chronic toxicity, Ames’ bacterial reverse mutation, and in vivo micronucleus assays
Published in Toxicology Mechanisms and Methods, 2022
Sundararaju Dodda, Ravi Kumar Madireddy, Venkata Krishnaraju Alluri, Trimurtulu Golakoti, Krishanu Sengupta
The gum resin or Indian frankincense has been used for centuries in Ayurvedic medicine to treat several inflammatory ailments. A variety of preparations of B. serrata gum resin extracts are known to be anti-inflammatory (Etzel 1996; Roy et al. 2005; Ammon 2006), and these preparations have been demonstrated to alleviate the clinical symptoms of a variety of inflammatory ailments, including knee pain and osteoarthritis (Sengupta et al. 2008, 2010; Vishal et al. 2011). It is currently considered a botanical food supplement in Europe and the USA (CFR 2007). In the last two decades, the use of the resin has gained more popularity for the treatment of various chronic inflammatory illnesses, including arthritis, chronic bowel diseases, asthma (Hamidpour et al. 2013). Different preparations of B. serrata gum resin standardized to boswellic acids are commercially available in several countries. The preclinical toxicology study data and lack of major adverse events in the clinical studies suggest that these preparations are well tolerated and considered safe for oral consumption (Singh et al. 2012; Alluri et al. 2019; Yu et al. 2020). Although there is a mounting number of evidence on the safety of the commercially available frankincense extract preparations, it is vital to evaluate a new botanical composition for its health effects following the guidelines issued by the international regulatory authorities (Aydιn et al. 2016). The purpose of the present study was to determine a broad spectrum safety profile of this botanical ingredient in acute, 90-day repeated dose oral and genotoxicity studies as per OECD guidelines.
The effects of Olibanum on oxidative stress indicators, cytokines, brain derived neurotrophic factor and memory in lipopolysaccharide challenged rats
Published in Toxin Reviews, 2022
Narges Marefati, Farimah Beheshti, Amin Mokhtari-Zaer, Mohammad Naser Shafei, Hossein Salmani, Hamid Reza Sadeghnia, Mahmoud Hosseini
More than 200 constituents have been known in Boswellia Serrata resin (Camarda et al.2007b). It has been suggested that the strong anti-inflammatory properties of Olibanum can be attributed to the two main substances, boswellic acid and incensol acetate (Weber et al.2006, Moussaieff et al.2012b). Boswellic acid leads to inhibition of human leukocyte elastase and I kappa B kinase (IκB kinase, IKK) which is involved in the inflammatory response (Weber et al.2006). Also, incensol acetate is able to reduce inflammatory mediators, inhibition of expression of TNF-α, IL-1β and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) (Moussaieff et al.2012b). However, all of these mechanism(s) and the contribution of the components are need to be evaluated in the future.