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Ultratrace Minerals
Published in Luke R. Bucci, Nutrition Applied to Injury Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine, 2020
McCoy and others fed male weanling rats standard diets with low or normal calcium contents.1015 Boron was added at levels of 0,3,6, and 12 μg/g diet for 6 weeks. Femurs were removed and subjected to a 3-point flexure test, and vertebrae were subjected to a compression test to measure bone strength. Boron deficiency (0 μg B/g diet) exhibited significantly lower femur length (30.8 vs. 31.7 to 32.0 mm), vertebrae bone strength (6.1 vs. 8.6 to 8.8 kg), and bone calcium (7.5 vs. 8.2 to 8.4 mg) than boron-supplemented diets when calcium intake was low. Addition of boron to a low calcium diet did not normalize femur strength, vertebrae strength, or bone calcium. In conclusion, bone strength was shown to be adversely affected by boron deficiency.
Boron
Published in Linda M. Castell, Samantha J. Stear (Nottingham), Louise M. Burke, Nutritional Supplements in Sport, Exercise and Health, 2015
Boron enters the food chain via its incorporation into plant structure and subsequent consumption by humans. There is little evidence of boron deficiency in humans, however oral boron supplementation is used in the general health and sports market.
Boron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon and Vanadium
Published in Judy A. Driskell, Ira Wolinsky, Sports Nutrition, 2005
Boron also may affect insulin production or activity. Boron deprivation increased plasma insulin concentrations in rats.19 Also, peak insulin secretion was higher from the pancreas isolated from boron-deprived than-supplemented chicks.18 These findings suggest that boron deficiency may decrease insulin sensitivity.
Assessment of consumer exposure to boron in cleaning products: a case study of Canada
Published in Critical Reviews in Toxicology, 2021
Paul C. DeLeo, Sharon B. Stuard, Owen Kinsky, Christine Thiffault, Brittany Baisch
While boron has not definitively been established as an essential mineral for humans, there is increasing evidence from in vitro, animal, and human studies demonstrating the beneficial health effects of boron (Białek et al. 2019; Nielsen and Eckhert 2020; Rondanelli et al. 2020). In addition, boron deficiencies in animals have been associated with adverse effects (EFSA NDA Panel 2004). In humans, large amounts of boron are well-tolerated and dietary levels of boron have been shown to have a role in mineral metabolism, influencing the metabolism and utilisation of other essential elements such as calcium (Hunt et al. 1997; Nielsen and Penland 1999). In addition, there is evidence that boron has beneficial effects on bone calcification and maintenance, and boron deficiency has consistently been shown to cause a reduction in blood indices such as steroid hormone concentrations (Naghii and Samman 1993; EFSA NDA Panel 2004; Rondanelli et al. 2020).
Boron’s neurophysiological effects and tumoricidal activity on glioblastoma cells with implications for clinical treatment
Published in International Journal of Neuroscience, 2019
Meric A. Altinoz, Gulacti Topcu, İlhan Elmaci
Borates also form complex compounds with nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) by binding to the ribosyl cis-hydroxyl groups and block the activity of the oxidoreductase enzymes requiring these cofactors (enzymes such as xanthine oxidase, aldehyde dehydrogenase) [14]. The preferential binding of boron to NAD over that of NADH may affect various dehydrogenase-based reactions and biochemical cycles producing energy; for instance, it reduces citric acid (Krebs) cycle and glycolysis, but induces the ribose phosphate pathway [19]. Shutting down main pathways of energetic gain would be detrimental for cancer cells as they have much higher demand for energy due to their high proliferative rate and metabolism. Boron also blocks glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and GPD, essential enzymes in the Pentose Phosphate Pathway (PPP) and the release of insulin is increased in boron deficiency conditions due to enhanced activity of the PPP [17]. In rats given a diet including 0.2 mg/kg boron, a supplement of 2 mg/kg boron decreased blood insulin levels but did not influence the levels of blood glucose, which indicates that boron augments insulin activity [28]. As insulin resistance increases risk of cancer development [29] it would be tempting to investigate whether boron may reduce risk of cancer associated with insulin resistance.