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Scutellaria Species and Cancer Research
Published in Namrita Lall, Medicinal Plants for Cosmetics, Health and Diseases, 2022
Samantha H. Sherman, Lani Irvin, Prahlad Parajuli, Nirmal Joshee
Flavonoids are one of the most important bioactive components in the root of S. baicalensis. Significant correlation has been reported between the dietary intake of flavonoids and a reduced risk of cancer, inflammation and heart disease (Li-Weber, 2009). Over 50 flavonoids have been isolated with baicalein as one of four major ones due to its wide spectrum of biological/physiological roles related to anti-cancer, anti-inflammation, anti-cardiovascular diseases, anti-bacterial or viral infection, and anti-neurodegenerative diseases (Kim et al., 2013). Studies have demonstrated that baicalein suppresses cancer cell proliferation and induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in human breast, prostate, hepatocellular, myeloma and T24 bladder cancer cells (Li et al., 2013). Baicalein inhibited migration and invasion of human breast cancer cells, hepatoma cells and skin cancer cells (Chiu et al., 2011; Wu et al., 2011).
Nutraceuticals and Brain Disorders
Published in Debarshi Kar Mahapatra, Cristóbal Noé Aguilar, A. K. Haghi, Applied Pharmaceutical Practice and Nutraceuticals, 2021
Akshada Atul Bakliwal, Vijay Sharadkumar Chudiwal, Swati Gokul Talele
Baicalein is a flavonoid extracted from the base of Scutellaria baicalensis, at traditional Chinese herb usually known as Huang Qin. Baicalein has been demonstrated to be a powerful cancer prevention agent in rodent essential neurons. Another investigation in rodents likewise demonstrated enemy of inflammatory properties of baicalein in exploratory horrible cerebrum injury. Baicalein was seen as neuroprotective in a few test models of PD, including MPTP-actuated neurotoxicity and 6-OHDA-instigated neurotoxicity. It has additionally been appeared to hinder fibrillation and disaggregate the existing fibrils in the brain.
Heterocyclic Drugs from Plants
Published in Rohit Dutt, Anil K. Sharma, Raj K. Keservani, Vandana Garg, Promising Drug Molecules of Natural Origin, 2020
Debasish Bandyopadhyay, Valeria Garcia, Felipe Gonzalez
The root of Scutellaria baicalensis was studied and the root showed great potential as a neuroprotector. This plant did not execute any toxicity towards humans so far. The two major flavones that were isolated and characterized from the plant Scutellaria baicalensis are known as baicalein and oroxylin (Gasiorowski et al., 2011). These flavones have demonstrated cognitive and amnestic functions on the animals being studied for aging and degeneration of the brain. Baicalein is a flavone that has shown to aid the inhibition of neuronal amyloidogenic proteins and also helps out to induce the amyloid deposit. Additionally, baicalein is known to function as an anti-inflammatory, an anxiolytic, and takes away action of mild sedative agents. This plant also contains wogonin, a minor flavone constituent, having the potential to aid in brain tissue regeneration (Gasiorowski et al., 2011).
Targeting Major Signaling Pathways of Bladder Cancer with Phytochemicals: A Review
Published in Nutrition and Cancer, 2021
Connor Chestnut, Dharmalingam Subramaniam, Prasad Dandawate, Subhash Padhye, John Taylor, Scott Weir, Shrikant Anant
Baicalein is a flavone derived from the herb Huang Qin, which is used in traditional Chinese medicine as an anti-inflammatory (188). Baicalein has been examined both In Vitro and In Vivo for treatment of bladder, prostate, and hepatocellular cancer (188). Wu demonstrated In Vivo that baicalein inhibits bladder cancer proliferation and migration in a dose-dependent manner via reduction of phosphorylated NF-κB and MMP-2/9 expression (189). In Vitro studies pointed reduction in securin and AKT/γ‐H2AX survival pathways, increased ROS production, and reduced expression of the anti-apoptotic factors Bcl-xL, XIAP, and survivin (190–192). Baicalein has been shown to induce G0/G1 phase arrest through PI3K/AKT phosphorylation and increased Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, and G2/M phase arrest through induction of p38 MAPK and inhibition of CDC2 Kinase (193–195).
Formulation and performance evaluation of polymeric mixed micelles encapsulated with baicalein for breast cancer treatment
Published in Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy, 2021
Shraddha Srivastava, Abhiram Kumar, Pavan Kumar Yadav, Madhaw Kumar, Jose Mathew, Avinash Chandra Pandey, Manish Kumar Chourasia
Baicalein (5, 6, 7-trihydroxy flavone) is a natural plant flavonoid obtained from the root of Scutellaria baicalensis plant, found in Asian countries. It has been reported that baicalein possesses preventive and therapeutic properties against a variety of cancer for example breast cancer, prostate cancer, hepatic cancer, bladder cancer, and skin cancer. It inhibits cancer cell proliferation by stimulating apoptosis and cell cycle arrest [4,5]. Apoptosis induction by baicalein involves upregulation of GADD153, GRP 78, caspase 3, Bax, and cytochrome c gene, and downregulation of anti-apoptotic protein bcl 2 genes responsible for apoptosis [6]. It has been observed that baicalein also have the property to inhibit invasion and metastasis of tumor cell by decreasing expression and proteinase activity of matrix metalloproteinase like MMP-2/9 through downregulating mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway [7]. It also inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transition mediated by TGF-β1 (transforming growth factor-β1) signaling pathway, an important mechanism of metastasis in mammary epithelial cells (MCF 10 A) and breast cancer cell MDAMB-231 [8]. These properties show the potential of baicalein as an efficient anticancer agent against breast cancer. However low water solubility and poor bioavailability limit its clinical use and are a major concern for oral dosage form [9]. Hence, there is a need for an efficient drug delivery system to enhance its water solubility, bioavailability, and oral absorption.
2-Aminoimidazoles as potent inhibitors of contaminating brewery biofilms
Published in Biofouling, 2021
Lene Jacobs, Jolien Meesters, Ilse Parijs, Geert Hooyberghs, Erik V. Van der Eycken, Bram Lories, Hans P. Steenackers
With regard to toxicity, baicalein is often ingested through the use of Scutellaria baicalensis in traditional Chinese medicine (Dinda et al. 2017) and the oral use of baicalein has successfully passed phase 1 clinical trials regarding safety in healthy volunteers (Javed and Ojha 2019). Additionally, positive effects of baicalein indigestion have also been observed, such as anti-inflammatory properties (Hsieh et al. 2007; Dinda et al. 2017), therapeutic efficacy for Parkinson's disease (Javed and Ojha 2019) and anti-carcinogenic and antioxidant effects (Liu et al. 2016; Li et al. 2019). However, some adverse effects of baicalein have also been noted. For example, baicalein influences drug metabolism and uptake inside the human body (Si et al. 2009; Dinda et al. 2017). Additionally, baicalein is an antagonist of the estrogen receptor (Schwartz 2008), and thus could potentially disturb hormone quantities and cycles, and influence fertility and pregnancy. Moreover, baicalein can have anticonvulsant, anxiolytic and sedative effects. However, these tests were not performed upon ingestion (Wasowski and Marder 2012). Therefore, more tests are required before baicalein can be used in the food industry.