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Scientific Rationale for the Use of Single Herb Remedies in Ayurveda
Published in D. Suresh Kumar, Ayurveda in the New Millennium, 2020
S. Ajayan, R. Ajith Kumar, Nirmal Narayanan
Kanthlal et al. (2014) investigated the anti-diabetic effect of aerial parts of T. divaricate and their ability to prevent oxidative stress in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Two doses of methanol extract of aerial parts of T. divaricata (100 and 200 mg/kg, per os.) were tested in alloxan-diabetic rats. Administration of a 200 mg/kg dose attenuated the increased level of glucose produced by alloxan. The extract also alleviated the effect of the oxidative damage similar to the standard drug glibenclamide.
Ameliorative effects of ethanol extract of sea cucumber (Holothuria edulis spp.) in alloxan-induced rats
Published in Ade Gafar Abdullah, Isma Widiaty, Cep Ubad Abdullah, Medical Technology and Environmental Health, 2020
Y. Andriane, R.A. Indriyanti, R. Damailia, U.A. Lantika
Hyperglycemia increases mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production (Circu & Aw 2010). The generation of ROS such as superoxide anion rapidly induces apoptotic cell death (Circu & Aw 2010; Redza-Dutordoir & Averill-Bates 2016). The rise in blood glucose is accompanied by disturbance of the lipid profile, which makes patients at high risk for several complications, including fatty liver degeneration (Schofield et al. 2016; Zhou et al. 2008). Alloxan can induce diabetes and trigger liver morphological and ultrastructural changes (Lucchesi et al. 2015). LPO leads to a cascade reaction, generating endogenous toxicants that react with membrane proteins, which may lead to hepatic damage (Sahreen et al. 2011; Schofield et al. 2016).
ExperimentaL Oral Medicine
Published in Samuel Dreizen, Barnet M. Levy, Handbook of Experimental Stomatology, 2020
Samuel Dreizen, Barnet M. Levy
Of 31 rats with positive evidence of pregnancy, 22 delivered spontaneously at term, 1 by Caesarean section, 2 probably had fetal resorption, 1 evidenced resorption or abortion, and 5 died before delivery. The later during pregnancy that alloxan was given, the greater the success of the pregnancy. All but one of the eight rats that did not become pregnant received alloxan prior to the 12th day after mating. In no instances were either excessive weight or elevated blood sugar found in the young of the alloxan-injected rats.
Leaf extract of Morinda lucida improves pancreatic beta-cell function in alloxan-induced diabetic rats
Published in Egyptian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 2019
Adam Olaitan Abdulkareem, Adedoyin Igunnu, Adeola Adefoluke Ala, Lawrence Aderemi Olatunji
This study investigated the effect of aqueous leaf extract of M. lucida on pancreatic beta-cell function and dyslipidemia in type 1 diabetic rats, using alloxan induction. Alloxan is a cytotoxic diabetogenic compound, widely used in experimental diabetes research [32]. It stimulates insulin-dependent diabetes (T1D) by inducing selective necrosis of the beta-cells of pancreatic islets, thus, destroying β-cells and reducing their function [33,34]. Our results showed that M. lucida aqeous leaf extract lowered alloxan-induced hyperglycemia at low dose (120 mg/kg), which compared favorably with glibenclamide. The main etiology of T1D is destruction of pancreatic β-cells [35]. In this study, treatment of diabetic rats with the extract improved pancreatic β-cell function and thus, insulin production, better than the standard drug (glibenclamide) used. This may imply that, the leaf extract of M. lucida induced regeneration of pancreatic β-cell, and hence, enhanced its function. Our observation agrees with an earlier study, which reported that leaf extracts of M. lucida ameliorated alloxan-induced pancreatic damage [36].
Time course effects of 5,5-dihydroxyl pyrimidine-2,4,6-trione (alloxan) as a diabetogenic agent in animal model
Published in Alexandria Journal of Medicine, 2018
Osasenaga M. Ighodaro, Abiola M. Adeosun, Folake O. Asejeje, Gabriel O. Soetan, Omolara O. Kassim
Alloxan (5,5-dihydroxyl pyrimidine-2,4,6-trione) which is an organic compound, a urea derivative is a carcinogen and cytotoxic glucose analogue.1 It has the molecular formula, C4H2N2O4 and a relative molecular mass (Mr) of 142.06 g/Mol. Alloxan is one of the common diabetogenic agents used to assess the anti-diabetic or hypoglycemic potential of both pure compounds and plant extracts in studies involving diabetes.2 Compared to other diabetogenic compounds such as streptozotocin, dithizone, monosodium glutamate, gold thioglucose and anti-insulin serum, it appears to be the most used compound for the induction of diabetes in animal experimental studies, probably because of its affordability and availability.3
Antihyperglycaemia and related gene expressions of aqueous extract of Gongronema latifolium leaf in alloxan-induced diabetic rats
Published in Pharmaceutical Biology, 2019
Basiru O. Ajiboye, Babatunji E. Oyinloye, Precious E. Agboinghale, Sunday A. Onikanni, Emeka Asogwa, Abidemi P. Kappo
Alloxan was used as the inducing agent to induce diabetes mellitus by prompting selective damage of the pancreatic β-cells producing insulin (Szkudelski 2001). Damage to the beta-pancreatic cells affects the release of insulin which results in a condition known as hyperglycaemia. The ability of the aqueous extract of G. latifolium leaf to reduce hyperglycaemia to normoglycaemia may be associated to its ability to inhibit the absorption of glucose from the intestine to aid glucose release from the liver or by enhancing the number of insulin receptors so as to improve the sensitivity of target tissues to insulin levels. This may be associated with the antioxidant nature of the G. latifolium leaf extract which perhaps regenerates the damaged beta cells.