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Weaning a Baby onto a Vegan Diet
Published in Mary Nolan, Shona Gore, Contemporary Issues in Perinatal Education, 2023
Children should be able to eat most family meals with minimal modifications. Fortified soy milk can be given as a drink, as well as used on cereal and in cooking. It is normally recommended that formula and bottle-feeding cease at 12 months of age.
Nutrition and oral health
Published in Jackie Musgrave, Health and Wellbeing for Babies and Children, 2022
Bottle feeding is usually for babies who are being fed with formula milk derived from cows’ milk or soya. Preparing formula requires care, it is important to ensure that the correct ratio of water and formula is used, it's also critical that sterilising procedures for the equipment are followed to reduce the possibility of gastroenteritis, which can cause severe dehydration and death. It's easier to overfeed bottle fed babies and it can be tempting to push babies to take more than they really want or need.
Care of the Premature and Ill Neonate
Published in Praveen S. Goday, Cassandra L. S. Walia, Pediatric Nutrition for Dietitians, 2022
Ting Ting Fu, Kera McNelis, Carrie Smith, Jae H. Kim
For mothers who have maintained a milk supply, direct breastfeeding should be introduced first, and once infants are able to latch well, bottles may be introduced. Direct breastfeeding while in the NICU does not delay discharge readiness and promotes sustained lactation and a human milk diet at discharge. Most infants will be discharged home only partially direct breastfeeding and some preterm infants will continue to need fortified feedings at home. Initially, breastfeeding should be limited in frequency (e.g., 2–4 times per day) and then increased over time with close monitoring of growth since direct breastfeeding may require more energy than bottle feeding.
Impact of diet on sensory processing in early childhood: summary of an interactive webconference / expert roundtable discussion
Published in Postgraduate Medicine, 2023
Julie Lemale, Audrey Lecoufle, Marc Bellaiche
The feeding process of infants and young children is mostly dependent on their parents or caregivers. First, parents or caregivers should be vigilant at each food transition from pregnancy and breastfeeding to bottle feeding, and weaning to the development of food skills. Their role is to prevent any feeding disorders by adapting strategies to promote healthy feeding behaviors (Table 1) [52–54]. Whenever a child is suspected of feeding difficulties, an early screening of pediatric feeding disorders should be in place. This starts with mealtime observation and history taking of feeding-related behaviors (such as prolonged breast or bottle feeding, food refusal for more than 1 month, prolonged and stressful mealtimes, distractions to increase food intake, and dependent feeding) and dietary history [4,53].
Development of a Foundation Protocol for Feeding Complex Care Neonates and Enablers and Barriers to Its Implementation
Published in Comprehensive Child and Adolescent Nursing, 2022
Three main themes in the protocols influenced their design and transferability to other neonatal units. These were as follows: populations within the protocol NICU (neonates, healthcare workers, and parents), feeding within an overall developmental care framework and nutrition. Infant populations identified were ill or fragile (premature or term) (Edwards & Spatz, 2010; Philbin & Ross, 2011; Shaker & Werner Woida, 2007; Spatz, 2004), general cardiac surgical (Ehrmann et al., 2018,9; Gephart et al., 2018) and specifically those infants with Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome (Braudis et al., 2009). Infants were also categorized as breastfeeding and/or bottle feeding (Philbin & Ross, 2011,6; Torowicz et al., 2012). Infant cues and behaviors are central considerations in oral suck feed protocols that are described as “infant led” (Chrupcala et al., 2015). Initiation and progression of enteral nutrition and/or suck feeding is most frequently directed by health professionals. This includes nurses, speech therapists, dieticians, specialist medical teams or by multidisciplinary input (Braudis et al., 2009; Lisanti et al., 2016). Families are actively involved in implementing feeding protocols through participation in multidisciplinary developmental rounds, documenting care interventions and responses during oral suck feeds, or by taking responsibility for production, storage, and quality evaluation of breast milk (Lisanti et al., 2016; Spatz, 2004; Torowicz et al., 2012).
Investigation into the flow rate of bottle teats typically used on an Australian neonatal unit
Published in Speech, Language and Hearing, 2022
Siew-Lian Crossley, Kate Duthie, Melinda Newton, Celia Harding
Learning to feed, for infants on Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICUs) who are born prematurely or those who are medically fragile can be a lengthy process (Almeida, Almeida, Moreira, & Novak, 2011). Infants need time to establish the ability to coordinate sucking, swallowing and breathing, alongside physiological and neurological maturation so that safe oral feeding can develop (Jadcherla, Wang, Vijayapal, & Leuthner, 2010). Subsequently, establishing oral feeding can take time and delay discharge home from the NICU (Browne & Ross, 2011). Not all mothers who have infants in neonatal care are able to establish exclusive breastfeeding, and bottle feeding is therefore necessary. However, selecting the right bottle to suit an infant’s level of oral skill in relation to texture and flow is a complex process.