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Methenamine Mandelate and Methenamine Hippurate
Published in M. Lindsay Grayson, Sara E. Cosgrove, Suzanne M. Crowe, M. Lindsay Grayson, William Hope, James S. McCarthy, John Mills, Johan W. Mouton, David L. Paterson, Kucers’ The Use of Antibiotics, 2017
Matthew A. Murphy, M. Lindsay Grayson
Similar to methenamine salts in general, the rate of adverse reactions with methenamine hippurate is low (Lee et al., 2007a, 2012; Lo et al., 2014). Phototoxicity has been described (Selvaag and Thune, 1994) and a single case of reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome associated with methenamine hippurate has been reported (Davies et al., 2013).
Headache
Published in John W. Scadding, Nicholas A. Losseff, Clinical Neurology, 2011
Sudden onset severe headache may occur as both a secondary headache form, and as a primary headache disorder. The differential diagnosis includes the sentinel bleed of an intracranial aneurysm, reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS), cervicocephalic arterial dissection, cerebral venous thrombosis and primary sex headache. Headaches of explosive onset may also be caused by the ingestion of sympathomimetic drugs or tyramine-containing foods in a patient who is taking monoamine oxidase inhibitors, and can also be a symptom of pheochromocytoma. Whether thunderclap headache can be the presentation of an unruptured cerebral aneurysm is unclear. A woman has been reported with three episodes of suddenonset, very severe headache who was found to have an unruptured aneurysm of the internal carotid artery, with adjacent areas of segmental vasospasm. In the absence of a CT scan or CSF evidence of subarachnoid haemorrhage, studies indicate that such patients do very well.
Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome during convalescence from COVID-19
Published in International Journal of Neuroscience, 2023
Anaclara Michel-Chávez, Miguel García-Grimshaw, Oswaldo Alan Chávez-Martínez, Carlos Cantú-Brito, Griselda Teresa Romero-Sánchez, Fernando Daniel Flores-Silva, Francisco Javier Merayo-Chalico, Francisco Manuel Martínez-Carrillo, Ana Barrera-Vargas, Sergio Iván Valdés-Ferrer
PRES presents with non-specific neurological symptoms, such as seizures (74–87%), encephalopathy (28–94%), gradual onset diffuse headache (50%), visual disturbances (39%), and focal neurological deficits (19%). Due to overlapping pathophysiology related to endothelial dysfunction and vasoconstriction with similar clinical and neuroimaging characteristics, reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS) represents its main differential diagnosis. Moreover, PRES can co-exist in 9% of RCVS cases [6, 7]. A distinctive clinical feature of RCVS is that thunderclap headache is very common (79–100%) over 1–4 weeks in the presence of vasoconstrictive triggers [6]. According to the RCVS2 score, which has an 85% sensitivity and 100% specificity for excluding RCVS from other intracranial arteriopathies [8], this diagnosis was unlikely in our patient.
Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome triggered by tacrolimus mimicked neuropsychiatric involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus
Published in Modern Rheumatology Case Reports, 2019
Jun Inamo, Jun Kikuchi, Katsuya Suzuki, Yuko Kaneko, Hidekata Yasuoka, Hirokazu Fujiwara, Kunihiro Yamaoka, Tsutomu Takeuchi
Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS) is characterized by the sudden onset, severe headache and multiple segmental constriction of cerebral arteries, with or without neurological deficit, which resolves spontaneously in 1–3 months [2]. The common triggers of RCVS are drugs, surgery, autoimmune diseases and catecholamine-secreting tumours [2]. There are some case reports mentioning RCVS occurred in transplant patients who were treated with tacrolimus [3]. However, there was no previous report describing SLE patients treated with tacrolimus suffered from RCVS, to our knowledge. Since clinical manifestations of RCVS and NPSLE are very similar in terms of causing severe headache despite the quite difference of treatment strategies, it is important to distinguish them clearly.
Chemical angioplasty for medically refractory reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome*
Published in British Journal of Neurosurgery, 2018
Fawaz Al-Mufti, Vincent Dodson, Ethan Wajswol, Mohammad El-Ghanem, Abdulrahman Alchaki, Rolla Nuoman, Ahmad Thabet, Anne Sutherland, Sudipta Roychowdhury, Andrea Hidalgo, Gaurav Gupta
RCVS is most commonly found in women 20-50 years of age1 and is marked by a course of an acute onset of recurring severe headaches, with or without other acute neurological symptoms. The criteria to diagnose RCVS include cerebral angiography that demonstrates diffuse segmental constriction of cerebral arteries and their spontaneous resolution within three months (Table 1)2,3. The term reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS) was recommended in 2007 to consolidate several different previously described cerebral vasculitic disorders including Call-Fleming syndrome, thunderclap-headache-associated vasoconstriction, postpartum angiopathy, migraine angiitis, tumor induced cerebral vasospasm, and cerebral vasospasm cased by drugs such as cocaine, amphetamines, sumatriptan, and other serotonergic and sympathomimetic agents3–7. RCVS is often found associated with posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES), and these two disorders are many times hypothesized to share a common pathophysiology. Therefore, it is perhaps more appropriate to consider affected patients as lying within a single RCVS-PRES spectrum8,9. Herein, we report a case of medically refractory RCVS subsequently successfully managed neurointerventionally by treating the cerebral vasospasm with IA verapamil. Furthermore we review the available literature on medically refractory RCVS.