China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Laboratory Procedures and Management
Published in Jeremy R. Jass, Understanding Pathology, 2020
The early attempts at tissue staining were achieved by trial and error using natural dyes that had been available and in use for centuries, if not millennia, for dying fabrics. Leeuwenhoek (1632–1723) applied saffron solution to preparations of muscle fibres. By the end of the nineteenth century, the most popular stain for tissue sections was carmine derived from cochineal (Mayer, 1892). Cochineal is a red dye prepared from the dried female bodies of a scale insect, Dactylopius coccus. It was known to the Aztecs, the ancient Romans and apparently in biblical times since the Divinity exhorted Moses to prepare offerings of rams’ skins dyed red (Exodus 25:5). Orcein, known originally as French purple, dates from the 1300s (AD) when it was prepared from an extract of lichen (a primitive plant that is part fungus and part alga) that was exposed to air in the presence of ammonia formed in fermented urine (Conn, 1948). Orcein is still used for staining various tissue components, but thankfully is now prepared differently. Haematoxylin is derived from the wood of a tree called Haematoxylon campechianum, so named because it originated in the Mexican State of Campeche. Synthetic dyes, for example alcian blue developed by ICI, have also been used to stain cell products.
Absorbable Suture Material in Microvascular Surgery — Histopathologic Findings on the Femoral Artery of the Rat
Published in Waldemar L. Olszewski, CRC Handbook of Microsurgery, 2019
Anneliese Tilgner, Harry Heiner
The animals were sacrificed on the 8th, 14th, 30th, 40th, 60th, and 90th day after operation. Segments of the arterial anastomoses were taken off in vivo, fixed in formaldehyde (10%) and embedded in paraffin. Cross- and longitudinal sections (7 µm) were stained with hematoxylin-eosin (H.E.), orcein (Unna), or according to Domagk.
Fibrous tumors
Published in Eckart Haneke, Histopathology of the NailOnychopathology, 2017
Storiform collagenoma is a well-circumscribed, usually paucicellular dermal lesion mainly composed of collagen bundles with a characteristic interweaving storiform pattern. Clefting between the sclerotic collagen bundles is very characteristic. There are no elastic fibers in the orcein stain, but reticulin fibers are prominent. The cells are often poorly defined with oval to elongated nuclei (Figure 9.2). Giant and pleomorphic cells have not been observed in ungual collagenoma.
Vaginal collagen I and III changes after carbon dioxide laser application in postmenopausal women with the genitourinary syndrome: a pilot study
Published in Climacteric, 2022
T. L. B. Bretas, M. C. A. Issa, S. C. A. V. Fialho, E. A. G. Villar, L. G. C. Velarde, F. R. Pérez-López
The Picrosirius Red stain morphometry showed a decrease in collagen type I fibers (from 68.29 ± 9.57 to 61.4 ± 7.66, p < 0.05) and an increase in collagen type III (from 10.86 ± 7.66 to 16.87 ± 3,96, p < 0.05). Morphologically, the collagen fibers became more refined, parallel organized and better distributed around the basal lamina and deep dermis. In contrast, pretreatment samples showed collagen lumps roughly organized throughout the whole lamina propria (Figure 3). In the immunohistochemical analysis of collagen I and III fibers, a relevant increase in collagen III concentration after the treatment was noticeable (26.0±8.98 in week 0 vs. 36.05±5.8 in week 20, p < 0.01) without relevant alteration in collagen I (45.52 ± 14.38 and 45.03 ± 10.9, p = 0.96) (Figure 4). Therefore, there was a significant decrease in the collagen type I:type III ratio. The Orcein stain did not show statistically significant differences between the elastic fiber concentration before and after the treatment, although a tendency toward an increase was observed (16.43 ± 8.78 and 19.22 ± 6.96 respectively, p = 0.24).
A dose-response study of nanosecond electric energy pulses on facial skin
Published in Journal of Cosmetic and Laser Therapy, 2020
James Newman, Lauren Jauregui, William A. Knape, Edward Ebbers, Darrin Uecker, Darius Mehregan, Richard Nuccitelli
Samples were bisected perpendicular to the epidermal surface to create full-thickness sections and were mounted to expose the epidermal and dermal cross-section. Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining preparations were made of all time points. Preparations were also made for selected time points using elastic Orcein Giemsa, microphthalmia transcription factor (MITF), and Fontana Mason. Samples prepared with these stains were examined by a board-certified dermatopathologist (DM) and graded using methods designed to evaluate dermal inflammation, elastic fiber integrity, adnexal structure effects, and melanocyte density. The assessment of melanocytes was performed by counting melanocytes identifiable in three randomly selected, 1-mm2 treatment zones of the sample and taking the average of the three.
Postnatal overnutrition affects metabolic and vascular function reflected by physiological and histological changes in the aorta of adult Wistar rats
Published in Clinical and Experimental Hypertension, 2018
Gerardo Sánchez-García, Laura Del Bosque-Plata, Enrique Hong
After the isolated organ study, aortic rings from control and overnourished rats were harvested and fixed in 10% formalin for 48 hrs. The rings were embedded in paraffin, sectioned at a thickness of 2-μm and mounted on slides. At least 4–6 slides of each proximal (1–4) or distal (5–8) rings were prepared. The tissue was stained with hematoxylin & eosin (H&E) and five points from each ring were selected for the determination of medial layer thickness. Measured values were corrected as previously reported (28). The relative area of collagen was determined by Masson`s trichrome stain and was calculated as the ratio of the collagen-occupied area to the total wall area. The elastic fiber density was determined by orcein stain. Images were examined using an Axio Imager M1 (Zeiss, Inc., Oberkochen, Germany) and analyzed by the software integrated in the equipment.