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Less Common Lung and Bronchial Tumours; Bronchiolo-Alveolar Ca., Carcinoids, Hamartomas, Reticuloses, Protein Disorders, Lung Deposits and Leukaemia.
Published in Fred W Wright, Radiology of the Chest and Related Conditions, 2022
Histologically they also have a similar appearance to epithelioid haemangioma of the liver. However Dail et al. (1983) who described 20 cases felt that they are a form of bronchiolo-alveolar carcinoma which had invaded alveoli, bronchioles and blood vessels. Several cases have run an indolent course (5 to 10 years), whilst others have progressed fairly rapidly. The diagnosis is usually made by open biopsy. Deposits in lymph nodes and the liver have been reported. Possible simulators are multiple pulmonary hamartomas, leiomyomas or pulmonary endometriosis.
Breast Cancer: Surgical Perspectives
Published in Raymond Taillefer, Iraj Khalkhali, Alan D. Waxman, Hans J. Biersack, Radionuclide Imaging of the Breast, 2021
Patricia J. Eubanks, Hernan I. Vargas, Stanley R. Klein
We recommend proceeding to core needle biopsy (CNB) in patients with a "suspicious" or nondiagnostic FNA. CNB with five to eight passes will often lead to the pathological diagnosis of a breast mass [18]. In the previously cited study [13], four patients with "suspicious" FNA results were subsequently diagnosed by CNB. Core needle biopsy is important in making the diagnosis of cancer in patients with large primary tumors who are candidates for preoperative chemotherapy. Moreover, open biopsy can be avoided if the diagnosis is made by core needle biopsy [19]. It can be just as difficult to distinguish in situ carcinomas from infiltrating ductal carcinomas on core needle biopsies as it is on FNA. In a recent series, eight of 43 cases (19%) diagnosed as ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) by core needle biopsy were subsequently found to have invasive carcinoma after excision [20], The shortcomings of CNB or FNA to diagnose DCIS may be clinically insignificant since treatment of in situ lesions requires subsequent excision.
Interventional radiology
Published in Mark Davenport, James D. Geiger, Nigel J. Hall, Steven S. Rothenberg, Operative Pediatric Surgery, 2020
The histologic diagnosis of most tumors outside the central nervous system is made by US-guided needle biopsy. Our experience is that needle biopsy is probably safer than, and equally accurate to, open surgical biopsy. The period of convalescence is shorter, and this may allow earlier commencement of chemotherapy. Laparoscopic biopsy is a useful alternative for certain thoracic and abdominal tumors. Open biopsy is performed when it is considered to be safer, or when other techniques have failed.
Clinical features and diagnostic tools in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies
Published in Critical Reviews in Clinical Laboratory Sciences, 2022
Konstantinos I. Tsamis, Constantinos Boutsoras, Evripidis Kaltsonoudis, Eleftherios Pelechas, Ilias P. Nikas, Yannis V. Simos, Paraskevi V. Voulgari, Ioannis Sarmas
Common features classically described in most cases of IIM include limb-girdle muscle weakness, muscle pain, skin rash, electromyographic abnormalities, inflammation markers in muscle biopsy, elevated blood markers of muscle damage, autoantibodies, and response to corticosteroids. Early attempts to classify IIMs were based on some of these features and the personal experience of experts and focused on polymyositis and dermatomyositis [8–12]. These publications set the basis for subsequent studies that relied on a detailed description of muscle biopsy findings, expanded the IIM classification by adding sIBM [13], and refined inclusion and exclusion criteria based on myositis-specific autoantibodies and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) [14]. At the beginning of the twenty first century, the diagnostic criteria were further enhanced [15] by including well-established muscle biopsy findings [16]. Muscle biopsies are performed using a needle biopsy or open biopsy. Prior to either biopsy procedure, a thorough clinical examination and evaluation of imaging studies (EMG, MRI, or ultrasound) can ensure the selection of the appropriate muscle for the biopsy. An affected muscle without extensive degeneration and fatty substitution is more likely to show characteristic histological findings and to lead to the final diagnosis.
Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis: Etiology, Clinical Manifestation, Diagnosis and Treatment
Published in Journal of Investigative Surgery, 2022
Yulong Yin, Xianghua Liu, Qingjie Meng, Xiaogang Han, Haomeng Zhang, Yonggang Lv
Ultimately and critically important, the diagnosis of IGM depends on histopathologic examination. Open biopsy has been used for diagnosis in some studies [61], including lesion resection and even mastectomy. Percutaneous needle biopsy has been widely applied and increasingly adopted in suspected cases. Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is a simple, fast and is minimally invasive, but its diagnostic sensitivity is low [62]. Several studies have demonstrated that only 21% of IGM cases have been diagnosed using FNAC alone, even patients suffered FNAC often need further open biopsies to make a definite diagnosis [35, 63, 64]. Although granulomas cannot be found via needle biopsy in up to 15% of cases, they are virtually always present in biopsy specimens [44]. Therefore, open biopsy may be necessary for difficult diagnostic cases, or when core-needle biopsy is insufficient.
A rare case of extraskeletal Ewing’s sarcoma arising from the larynx
Published in Acta Oto-Laryngologica Case Reports, 2020
Emi Kono, Toru Sasaki, Mio Sakaguchi, Satoru Takahashi, Hirofumi Fujii, Tomohiko Yamauchi, Hiroshi Nishino
The latency period between admission and diagnosis in our case was 5 weeks. We had tight contact with pathologists, medical oncologists, and radiologists until the diagnosis was confirmed. Unfortunately, the tumor grew rapidly during that period. Considering the difficulty of diagnosis, we stress the importance of obtaining fresh tissue samples (i.e. not necrotic tissue samples) from several parts of the tumor for immunohistochemical staining and/or FISH analysis as soon as possible in cases with a suspected diagnosis of Ewing’s sarcoma. On the other hand, there is a risk of contamination to wound, such as dissemination of malignant cells, following the open biopsy. These limits should be notified to the treatment-team specialists such as oncologists and pathologist.