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Every Child and Adolescent, Everywhere
Published in Vincent La Placa, Julia Morgan, Social Science Perspectives on Global Public Health, 2023
Abidemi Okechukwu, Babasola O. Okusanya, John Ehiri
While communicable diseases continue to threaten the health and wellbeing of every age group across the globe, children and adolescents are at increased risk of diseases that are strongly associated with poverty (Kyu et al., 2016). Diseases of poverty are communicable and non-communicable diseases that are influenced by the socio-economic conditions of families and communities (Patton et al., 2016). Although diseases of poverty become less prominent as countries experience demographic and epidemiological transitions, they still pose a risk to sub-populations such as children and adolescents.
Public health in twentieth-century China
Published in Vivienne Lo, Michael Stanley-Baker, Dolly Yang, Routledge Handbook of Chinese Medicine, 2022
After the founding of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) in 1949, the Chinese Communist Party made the health of the people a top priority. Article 40 of the 1949 Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference states that ‘National physical culture shall be promoted. Public health and medical work shall be expanded and attention shall be paid to the protection of the health of mothers, infants and children’ (Hillier and Jewell 1983: 66). Following the Soviet model, the new Ministry of Health, formed in 1954, declared its purpose in the form of three principles: serve the workers, peasants and soldiers; emphasise preventive medicine; and integrate traditional Chinese medicine and biomedicine. The goal of these efforts was to eliminate infectious diseases of poverty. Hygiene and Anti-Epidemic Stations and departments of public health in medical universities focussed on preventive care in the five hygiene areas of labour, radiation, environment, school, and food (Lee 2004).
Health, poverty and powerlessness
Published in Nigel Crisp, Turning the World Upside Down Again, 2022
This chapter has argued that efforts to improve health need to tackle problems at all three levels simultaneously - dealing clinically with disease, tackling poverty and disadvantage, and confronting the social, economic and political structures that get in the way of the solutions. Doing one without the others will have only limited impact.
Vaccine for a neglected tropical disease Taenia solium cysticercosis: fight for eradication against all odds
Published in Expert Review of Vaccines, 2021
Rimanpreet Kaur, Naina Arora, Suraj S Rawat, Anand Kumar Keshri, Shubha Rani Sharma, Amit Mishra, Gagandeep Singh, Amit Prasad
There are several social/economic/technical challenges associated with cysticercosis eradication and are detailed in Table 1. The most prominent among them are taeniasis/cysticercosis is a disease of poverty (it is a NTD), lack of urgency by local authorities to eradicate the disease, the parasite uses molecular mimicry to escape host immune response, and it has very high biotic potential which can dominate any intervention challenge. Raising free-roaming pigs (where they feed on their own by roaming in the community) is a necessity for the micro-economy of the farmers in these rural and economically deprived endemic areas; therefore, stopping this practice is not an option. Similarly, the number of eggs expelled by an adult tapeworm easily goes over 100,000 in a single day. Thus, only a few surviving tapeworms would probably reinstate endemicity in a reasonably short period of time if control pressure abates after intervention strategy [20]. So, the major constraint in achieving a long-term reduction in NCC is the sustainability of T. solium control activities.
Estimating the public economic consequences of cardiovascular disease-attributable events and evolocumab treatment in Australia
Published in Journal of Medical Economics, 2021
Nikolaos Kotsopoulos, Mark P. Connolly, Jinjing Li
Cardiovascular disease poses significant economic consequences for the Australian Government, largely attributed to changes in workforce participation in working-aged adults which influences government welfare payments and lifetime tax revenue21. The cost consequences are profound beyond the health service and can also influence personal wealth accumulation which influences an individual’s ability to remain financially independent36. Previous studies have illustrated that people experiencing strokes and myocardial infarctions in Australia have an increased likelihood of retiring early, increasing reliance on government social support programs, paying lower lifetime taxes and experiencing reduced wealth throughout their lifetime10,21,34. Furthermore, a study in Australia has reported that some individuals from non-impoverished families have an increased risk of falling into poverty after developing heart disease37. The relationship between developing heart disease and poverty was age-dependent with increased risk in younger people compared to those aged 60, where the risks were much lower when older individuals have higher accumulated wealth compared to younger persons.
A holistic approach is needed to control the perpetual burden of soil-transmitted helminth infections among indigenous schoolchildren in Malaysia
Published in Pathogens and Global Health, 2020
Nabil A. Nasr, Hesham M. Al-Mekhlafi, Yvonne A. L. Lim, Fatin Nur Elyana, Hany Sady, Wahib M. Atroosh, Salwa Dawaki, Ahmed K. Al-Delaimy, Mona A. Al-Areeqi, Abkar A. Wehaish, Tengku Shahrul Anuar, Rohela Mahmud
These findings indicate that there is an urgent need to implement an effective STH control programme. A holistic approach involving the three main pillars of STH control (i.e. MDA, WASH, and health education interventions) should be adopted, otherwise efforts to overcome the menace of STH infections among Orang Asli communities will continue to be a perpetual battle, and these communities will remain trapped in a cycle of disease and poverty. Moreover, Orang Asli people can be mobilized and empowered to act as drivers of STH elimination and work to improve the quality of life of their communities. Further studies are therefore required to evaluate the impact of these interventions against STH in Orang Asli communities and to identify additional innovative and feasible interventions that could support sustainable prevention and control.