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Hearing Testing
Published in R James A England, Eamon Shamil, Rajeev Mathew, Manohar Bance, Pavol Surda, Jemy Jose, Omar Hilmi, Adam J Donne, Scott-Brown's Essential Otorhinolaryngology, 2022
The ability to discriminate speech is a valuable measure of functional hearing in children with normal to moderate degrees of impairment, and auditory speech perception tests are increasingly used in evaluation of more severely affected children supplied with hearing aids or cochlear implants.
Current and Emerging Clinical Applications of the auditory Steady-State Response
Published in Stavros Hatzopoulos, Andrea Ciorba, Mark Krumm, Advances in Audiology and Hearing Science, 2020
Another practical application of ASSR is assessment of age-related deficits in speech perception in noise. This common patient complaint involves difficulty in following conversations, especially in the presence of background noise or while multiple speakers are talking (Goossens et al., 2016). Speech perception in noise problems may be due to peripheral and/or central auditory dysfunction, as well as cognitive impairments. ASSR may permit objective measurement of neural oscillations in the CNS and synchronization of phase patterns related to temporal features of sound speech. Specifically, the size of the ASSR reveals the degree of synchronization of neural oscillation that coincides with characteristic frequency of acoustic stimulation. Difficulties in speech perception with aging can be associated with disruption of synchronized neural activity. Age-related reduction in neural synchrony occurs at the level of brainstem and may be associated reduced levels of the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA (Mamo et al., 2016; Anderson et al., 2012; Bidelman et al., 2014; Caspary et al., 2008).
Language development in blind children (1)
Published in Miguel Pérez-Pereira, Gina Conti-Ramsden, Language Development and Social Interaction in Blind Children, 2019
Miguel Pérez-Pereira, Gina Conti-Ramsden
Concerning sound production, there is more valuable information, although it is also scarce. Mills’ research (1983, 1987b) is the most reliable source of evidence on blind children’s development of phonology. Previous studies (Dodd, 1979; McGurk & MacDonald, 1976) had shown that sighted children are able to lip-read from an early age (well under 4 months), and Kuhl and Meltzoff (1982) observed that 5-month-old infants show some ability to match vowel sounds to the sight of appropriate mouth movements. Therefore, vision may play an important role in the acquisition of speech perception and production abilities. Speech perception seems to involve not only the processing of auditory cues, but also lip-reading information, which is visually available.
The relationship between preoperative factors and the pattern of longitudinal improvement in speech perception following cochlear implantation
Published in Acta Oto-Laryngologica, 2023
Jun Shinagawa, Hidekane Yoshimura, Shin-ya Nishio, Yutaka Takumi, Shin-ichi Usami
CI is effective in improving speech recognition in patients with severe to profound hearing loss. However, in general, it takes several months after CI surgery for the patient to gradually come to recognize speech. Several factors (including age at surgery, duration of hearing loss, residual hearing and cause of hearing loss) influencing postoperative hearing outcome in CI patients have been reported [2–5]. However, details of the effects of these factors on speech perception are still unclear. Therefore, predicting the degree of postoperative improvement in speech perception based on preoperative factors would be extremely useful for patients and physicians. We investigated the longitudinal changes in postoperative speech perception in 96 ears of 83 patients who had undergone CI, and the preoperative patient factors involved in the improvement pattern.
Publication trends in cochlear implantation outcome measures
Published in Hearing, Balance and Communication, 2023
Priya Sethukumar, Nikul Amin, Andrew Hall, Robert Nash
Speech perception is conventionally definedas ‘the perceptual and cognitive processes leading to the discrimination, identification and interpretation of speech sounds’ [57]. Open-set speech perception is often regarded as the tool of choice in evaluating CI performance reflected by the largest proportion of studies reporting this domain (50%). Improvement in speech perception is akin to demonstrating an improvement in useful hearing, and thereby communication. There are, however, are a huge array of such tests available to use [58]. Our results reflect this, with the greatest heterogeneity noted within this domain, with 39 different tests being used, none of which were novel/used for the first time. Many reasons may account for this variety, including historical research bias, for example, study centres using specific tests developed within their own institutions. In addition when using language-specific tests, the potential impact on validity of instruments when translating should also be considered [5]. For example, in order to evaluate receptive oral language, Scarabello et al. utilised the Peabody picture vocabulary test Hispanic-American adaptation (TVIP), where linguistic knowledge of pictures depicting actions are required. The authors make note of the greater usage of conjugated verbs in spoken Portuguese potentially making this test more difficult for Portuguese-speaking children [48].
Translation and validation of the speech, spatial, and qualities of hearing scale (SSQ) and the hearing environments and reflection on quality of life (HEAR-QL) questionnaire for children and adolescents in Dutch
Published in International Journal of Audiology, 2023
Christina Batthyany, Anne-Rose Schut, Marc van der Schroeff, Jantien Vroegop
The SSQ for children, developed by Galvin et al. (Galvin and Noble 2013) with the original adult version by Gatehouse and Noble (Gatehouse and Noble 2004) as reference, was used. It is a self-reporting questionnaire personally completed by children with a minimum age of 11 years old and it consists of 33 items, assessing hearing abilities across three subcategories. These comprise the domains of speech perception (i.e., perception in a variety of situations with various amounts of conversation companions), spatial hearing (i.e., identification of the location, direction and distance of different sounds), and quality of hearing (i.e., recognition and discrimination of sounds and listening efforts). A 10-point response scale, presented as a ruler, is used to rate their performance or experience in the described scenario. Alternative response options such as “would not hear it”, “do not know” and “not applicable” are appended, for the circumstance in which the responder feels unable to provide a rating. Means for the total scores and subscores are calculated, with higher scores indicating better performance. A minimum age of 11 years was stipulated by Galvin et al. (Galvin and Noble 2013), taking into account the length, the specificity of the items and the complexity of the response format.