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Micronutrients in Prevention and Improvement of the Standard Therapy in Hearing Disorders
Published in Kedar N. Prasad, Micronutrients in Health and Disease, 2019
Meniere’s disease (MD) is a disorder of the inner ear that can cause episodes of vertigo (the abnormal sensation of movement), dizziness, ringing in the ears (tinnitus), fluctuating and progressive hearing loss, balance problem, and a feeling of fullness or pressure. In addition to hearing loss, sounds may appear distorted in some patients experiencing unusual sensitivity to noises (hyperacusis). These changes can occur in one or both ears. This disease is named after a French physician, Prosper Meniere, who first described this inner ear disorder in 1861.
Otolaryngology
Published in Philip Stather, Helen Cheshire, Cases for Surgical Finals, 2012
Vision Proprioception Labyrinthine activityBPPV Dix-Hallpike testThere is a phlebolith in the semicircular canal which continues movement after the head has stopped moving, giving a transient feeling of vertigo.Epley manoeuvreEpisodic vertigo Deafness TinnitusMedical (max. 1 mark) – betahistine, thiazide diuretics, prochlorperazine Surgical (max. 1 mark) – grommet insertion, surgical labyrinthectomy BPPV occurs when there is degenerative debris from the utricle floating freely in the semicircular canal causing symptoms of vertigo and nystagmus on head movements. Symptoms last 30−60 seconds. Meniere’s disease is a triad of symptoms of vertigo, tinnitus and deafness caused by dilation of the endolymphatic spaces of the membranous labyrinth.
History-taking model
Published in Kaji Sritharan, Vivian A Elwell, Sachi Sivananthan, Essential OSCE Topics for Medical and Surgical Finals, 2007
Kaji Sritharan, Vivian A Elwell, Sachi Sivananthan
Cardiac syncope : arrhythmias: bradyarrhythmias (Stokes-Adams attacks), tachyarrhythmiasOutflow obstruction: aortic, pulmonary, mitral stenosis, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, atrial myxoma, constrictive pericarditis.Epilepsy.Vertebrobasilar arterial insufficiency.Carotid sinus hypersensitivity.Transient ischaemic attack/stroke.Hypoglycaemia.Orthostatic hypotension.Drop attacks.Anxiety.Meniere’s disease.Choking.
Current status on researches of Meniere’s disease: a review
Published in Acta Oto-Laryngologica, 2020
Yupeng Liu, Jun Yang, Maoli Duan
The diagnosis of Meniere’s disease still relies mainly on detailed medical history and clinical symptoms, supplemented by auditory and vestibular function examinations. The earliest diagnostic criterion was proposed by AAO-HNS in 1995 in which the diagnosis of MD is divided into four grades: namely certain MD, definite MD, probable MD, possible MD. More recently, the diagnostic criterion proposed by the Barany Association in 2015 only divided MD into two types: definite MD and probable MD. The pathological biopsy of the inner ear that could not be performed was excluded as definite diagnosis criterion. In the 1995 AAO-HNS guidelines, MD was divided into four stages based on patient’s pure tone hearing threshold. While the guideline proposed by Barany Society in 2015 did not adopt the classification of hearing threshold. Hearing threshold is an important reference factor in the selection of treatment strategies and in the evaluation of treatment efficacy in MD.
Clinical long-term effects of surgical treatment for intractable Meniere’s disease: a more than 13-year follow-up after pressure treatment and further surgical treatment for intractable vertigo
Published in Acta Oto-Laryngologica, 2019
Fang Liu, Weining Huang, Kai Chen
The etiology of Meniere’s disease still remains unknown. Also, the disease’s variable clinical course, which causes severe functional and emotional disability, makes it difficult to assess and investigate different therapies. Currently, no cure exists for Meniere’s disease. Therapy is usually directed at the most disabling symptom, the incapacitating vertigo. In this study, the 18 patients with medically intractable and active Meniere's disease had the mean 165-month follow-up period. Of all of them, 14 patients had the positively effective control of vertigo attacks by single Meniett therapy (77.78%), 2 patients by Meniett and ESD therapy (11.11%) and 2 patients by all of three therapies including Meniett, ESD and TSCO (11.11%). On one hand, according to this more than 13-year study, pressure treatment can effectively control the vertigo attacks of medically intractable and active Meniere’s disease, which is a safe, effective and non-destructive therapy. Moreover, we recommend considering it before attempting any other surgical or chemical vestibular ablation procedures. On the other hand, a series of systematic and comprehensive surgical therapies including Meniett, ESD and TSCO should be selected to effectively control the vertigo attacks of intractable Meniere’s disease.
Otic drug delivery systems: formulation principles and recent developments
Published in Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy, 2018
Xu Liu, Mingshuang Li, Hugh Smyth, Feng Zhang
Meniere’s disease is a disorder of the inner ear with unknown etiology. It is characterized by endolymphatic hydrops that occur due to the dysfunction of types I and II spiral ligament fibrocytes. The symptoms of Meniere’s disease include episodes of spontaneous, recurrent vertigo accompanied by fluctuating hearing loss and intermittent tinnitus. The treatment of Meniere’s disease includes the systemic and local administration of corticosteroids and aminoglycoside (i.e. gentamicin, gadolinium, and kanamycin) [31,73,74]. Tinnitus is defined as the experience of auditory perception in the absence of an external stimulus. It occurs in approximately 10–15% of the population and severely impairs the quality of life in 1–2% of cases [33]. The pathology of tinnitus is still unclear, but there are indications of potential involvement of both peripheral and central neural components [75]. Results from some studies indicate a beneficial effect on tinnitus after the use of intratympanic dexamethasone injections in the treatment of sudden hearing loss [76]. Autoimmune ear diseases result in hearing loss when the immune regulation system is compromised [8,77]. High-dose corticosteroids and the cytotoxic agent cyclophosphamide are both safe and effective treatments of autoimmune ear diseases [78].