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The Special Sense Organs and Their Disorders
Published in Walter F. Stanaszek, Mary J. Stanaszek, Robert J. Holt, Steven Strauss, Understanding Medical Terms, 2020
Walter F. Stanaszek, Mary J. Stanaszek, Robert J. Holt, Steven Strauss
Idiopathic symptomatic endolymphatic hydrops or Meniere's disease is another disorder of the inner ear that produces hearing impairment, dizziness, and tinnitus (ringing or whistling in the ears). The disease is thought to be caused by an excess of endolymph, the inner ear fluid, and dilation or stretching of the labyrinth. Most patients progress to some baseline hearing loss and to bilateral disease.
Common otology viva topics
Published in Joseph Manjaly, Peter Kullar, Advanced ENT Training, 2019
‘Ménière’s disease is an idiopathic endolymphatic hydrops characterised by a triad of spontaneous episodic vertigo, hearing loss and tinnitus. These patients also experience aural fullness in the affected ear’.
Micronutrients in Prevention and Improvement of the Standard Therapy in Hearing Disorders
Published in Kedar N. Prasad, Micronutrients in Health and Disease, 2019
The fluid-filled hearing and balance membranous structures of the inner ear normally function independent of other fluid systems in the body, and the volume of the fluid (known as endolymph) remains constant. However, this changes with the injury or degeneration of the inner ear structures. One of the established pathological features includes fluctuating pressure of the fluid within the inner ear, referred to as endolymphatic hydrops or excess fluid in the inner ear. The membranous structure in the inner ear called labyrinth contains endolymph. This structure can become dilated like a balloon when pressure increases due to either blockage of the drainage system or entry of excess amounts of fluid. It is believed that endolymphatic fluid bursts from its normal channel in the ear and flows into other areas, causing damage to the auditory and vestibular systems.
Presence of endolymphatic hydrops on listening difficulties in patients with normal hearing level
Published in Acta Oto-Laryngologica, 2023
Tadao Yoshida, Masumi Kobayashi, Satofumi Sugimoto, Yukari Fukunaga, Daisuke Hara, Shinji Naganawa, Michihiko Sone
Because patients with LiD also show a gap in speech discrimination between quiet and noisy environments, it is presumed that changes in auditory processing in the inner ear and central auditory cortex are present, as described above. In some audiology tests such as DLT, the right ear advantage is expected to be related to left hemisphere dominance [20]; however, the current study included four patients whose results did not fit this pattern. Regardless of whether the hearing impairment is the result of dysfunction of outer hair cells, inner hair cells, or synapses of the auditory nerve if peripheral loss adversely affects any of these abilities, more central auditory processes that depend on normal spectral or temporal resolution should also be affected [1]. An evaluation of travelling wave velocity derived from the auditory brainstem was conducted on asymptomatic ears with unilateral Ménière’s disease to determine the presence of endolymphatic hydrops. 27% of the participants showed indications of endolymphatic hydrops. The group affected by endolymphatic hydrops exhibited a velocity significantly surpassing that of the normal controls, particularly at a frequency of 5.7 kHz. The postulation is that an augmentation in pressure within the scala media will result in increased basilar membrane stiffness and, thus, a heightened speed of the travelling wave. Our findings suggest that the presence of EH may be one factor that is associated with LiD without hearing loss.
Application of inner ear MRI after intravenous gadolinium injection in SSNHL
Published in Acta Oto-Laryngologica, 2023
Feng Zhou, Zilin Wang, Yichao Huang, Xi Chen
Chen X et al. [12] found signs of endolymphatic hydrops in four of seven cases of idiopathic sudden sensorineural deafness with vertigo, and speculate that there may be some relationship between endolymphatic hydrops and idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss with vertigo. There are similar results in this study. Of the eight patients with abnormal inner ear magnetic resonance imaging in this study, there were six (75%) patients with vertigo, and five (83.3%) of them had magnetic resonance imaging abnormalities of hydronephrosis of the membranous labyrinth. So we speculate that vertigo may be more related to the abnormal performance of inner ear magnetic resonance imaging, especially hydrops in the membranous labyrinth. However, the correlation between vertigo and abnormal inner ear magnetic resonance imaging in this study is not supported by statistics (p = .104). The reason may be due to the insufficient sample size, which we think is worthy of further study by expanding the sample size in the future.
Prediction of hearing outcomes by auditory steady-state response in patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss
Published in Acta Oto-Laryngologica, 2021
Of the four frequencies (0.5 k, 1 k, 2 k, and 4 kHz), a significant difference of [ASSR-PTA] thresholds between the HR (+) group and HR (−) group was observed only at 0.5 kHz (Figure 2(B)). Most patients in the HR (+) group had better predicted ASSR thresholds than pure-tone threshold, and this result can be interpreted as that hearing problems in these patients was due to damage to the cochlear hair cells, not to damage to the auditory nerve. A series of reports have suggested that acute low tone hearing loss is correlated with endolymphatic hydrops, also known as cochlear hydrops or cochlear Meniere’s disease [19]. Although the mechanism underlying acute hearing loss of endolymphatic hydrops is still unknown, it causes damage to cochlear hair cells [20]. Thus, patients with SSNHL due to damaged hair cell, such as endolymphatic hydrops, may have their predicted ASSR threshold better than the pure-tone threshold.