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Psychoacoustic and Objective Assessment of Hearing
Published in R James A England, Eamon Shamil, Rajeev Mathew, Manohar Bance, Pavol Surda, Jemy Jose, Omar Hilmi, Adam J Donne, Scott-Brown's Essential Otorhinolaryngology, 2022
Josephine Marriage, Marina Salorio-Corbetto
There are known distortions that occur in auditory perception for people with cochlear impairment and reduced HLs, for example, loudness recruitment (an abnormal increase in loudness perception between the detection level and maximum comfort level of sound), or loss of frequency selectivity, among others. These are not tested in PTA. Thus, people with similar PTAs may have a very different experience of hearing in everyday life.
Auditory Efferent System
Published in Stavros Hatzopoulos, Andrea Ciorba, Mark Krumm, Advances in Audiology and Hearing Science, 2020
Thalita Ubiali, Maria Francisca Colella-Santos
Auditory perception (along with other sensory systems) makes it possible for the individual to interact with the physical world around us. Auditory information travels from sensory receptor cells (transducers) through ascending neural pathways in direction to the brain, including sensory cortices and other association areas, where information is interpreted, retained, and subsequent responses are generated. Human hearing is a sophisticated system that is able to use stored knowledge for attending at important signals, discard irrelevant stimuli and/or switch attention to sounds that may become interesting to the individual. In other words, the central auditory nervous system (CANS) can extract spectral information and/or pitch/duration/intensity patterns of someone’s voice and concentrate on the important verbal content while ignoring other voices/conversations and noise around. The ability to control sensory information arising from auditory receptor cells is attributed to descending neurons from the central nervous system (CNS) to auditory receptors in the cochlea.
Learning, attention, and developmental coordination disorders
Published in Michael Horvat, Ronald V. Croce, Caterina Pesce, Ashley Fallaize, Developmental and Adapted Physical Education, 2019
Michael Horvat, Ronald V. Croce, Caterina Pesce, Ashley Fallaize
Perceptual-motor impairments can be auditory, visual, tactile, or kinesthetic. Auditory perception refers to those functions that involve the ear’s reception of sound and the integration and interpretation of these signals in the brain. It involves discrimination of sound, locating the course or direction of sound, discriminating pitch and loudness, and selecting relevant from irrelevant auditory stimuli. This modality is very important in numerous physical activities, such as rhythmic movements and dance. Children with an auditory-perceptual deficit may also have difficulty following the teacher’s verbal instructions. Likewise, children who are unable to distinguish verbal cues concerning the correct way to grip a baseball bat would also be unable to complete the correct procedure or form in hitting a baseball. Of course, the child who needs, and is given, additional time to process this information may respond more appropriately.
Conformities and gaps of clinical audiological data with the international classification of functioning disability and health core sets for hearing loss
Published in International Journal of Audiology, 2023
Tahereh Afghah, Julia Schütze, Markus Meis, Birger Kollmeier, Kirsten C. Wagener
The goal of this study was to evaluate the database generated at Hörzentrum Oldenburg gGmbH based on the patient’s ENT counselling hours with audiological focus under the ICF framework. In comparison with the typical ENT counselling, this database contains more measures that are essential for communication and interaction evaluation, such as speech intelligibility in noise and loudness perception. Although the database is not representative of the common ENT practice, it gives an insight which elements relevant for measuring individual hearing disability, interaction, and participation were already covered by the audiological focus and which ones are yet missing. The content of the database was compared to both CSHL. These non-representative clinical data were collected with the focus on mainly determining the patient’s hearing condition diagnosis and speech intelligibility ability. Therefore, as expected, more BF categories of comprehensive CSHL (27%) were covered in comparison with the AP (17%) and EF (12%) categories. “Hearing functions” were well addressed as all the third-level categories of it were covered. This means the patient’s hearing function was evaluated taking into account all the essential aspects recommended by the BF domain. All of the highly related categories; “Auditory perception”, “Hearing functions”, “Listening”, and “Sound” were evaluated in different ways by all of the methodologies except for ear examination.
Assessing the need for a wearable sign language recognition device for deaf individuals: Results from a national questionnaire
Published in Assistive Technology, 2022
Karly Kudrinko, Emile Flavin, Michael Shepertycky, Qingguo Li
Natural languages are essential for humans to communicate easily and effectively with one another. Sign languages are natural languages used by many individuals who are deaf, hard of hearing, deafened, oral deaf, and/or non-verbal. The term deaf is the audiological name for individuals with hearing loss, described as a partial or total inability to perceive sounds (Strong, 1988). Hearing loss can range from mild to profound, and can be attributed to genetic factors, birth complications, infection, disease, noise exposure, trauma, or aging (Roizen, 2003). Those who are hard of hearing have mild to severe hearing loss, but still have some auditory perception. As a result, hard of hearing individuals often use speech to communicate to some extent (Canadian Association of the Deaf, 2020). Individuals who are deafened or late-deafened are born with the ability to hear and lose that ability either suddenly or progressively. Oral deaf is used to describe severe to profoundly deaf individuals who use lipreading, speech, or a combination of these methods to communicate (Canadian Association of the Deaf, 2020). Individuals who are non-verbal are unable to use spoken language in an effective way, so they rely on alternative methods of communication. According to the Canadian Association of the Deaf, the term Deaf with an uppercase D is used to describe individuals with hearing loss who participate in the cultural and societal practices of Deaf people, centered around the use of sign language (Canadian Association of the Deaf, 2020).
The role of spatial separation of two talkers’ auditory stimuli in the listener’s memory of running speech: listening effort in a non-noisy conversational setting
Published in International Journal of Audiology, 2022
Edina Fintor, Lukas Aspöck, Janina Fels, Sabine J. Schlittmeier
Listening to such a conversation and remembering what has been said requires auditory processes, cognitive functions, and the interplay between them (see Edwards 2016, for auditory-cognitive models). The auditory perception of the talkers’ spatial location or the pitch of their voices relies predominantly on the physical stimulus aspects of the incoming speech signals (see Bregman 1990, for auditory scene analysis). Extracting and processing its semantic and conversational content, however, necessitates the interplay of several cognitive functions and processes (e.g. short-term memory, verbal-logical reasoning, and focussed attention). Hence, listening to running speech, comprehending, and remembering what has been said has to be considered a highly demanding task since all auditory-perceptive and cognitive processes need to be accomplished for speech signals, which are inherently strictly sequential, not-repeatable and presented at a given speed (Imhof 2010).