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Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome, Chediak-Chigasi syndrome, and Griscelli syndrome
Published in Electra Nicolaidou, Clio Dessinioti, Andreas D. Katsambas, Hypopigmentation, 2019
Vesna Pljakoska, Silvija Duma, Andrej Petrov
Since individuals with CHS exhibit varying degrees of hypopigmentation, CHS patients should apply sunscreen with a high protection factor to prevent skin cancers and skin damage. The SPF is in direct correlation to the severity of the hypopigmentation. Furthermore, sunglasses should be worn for protecting sensitive eyes against UV rays.22
Eyesight standards for beach lifeguards
Published in Mike Tipton, Adam Wooler, The Science of Beach Lifeguarding, 2018
Sunglasses are essentially optical filters; they should be capable of filtering ultraviolet radiation, as well as visible blue light (glare). The former is necessary to reduce the detrimental effect on the intraocular lens and retina, and the latter to reduce the detrimental effect of blue light on the retina. The displacement of the cut-off margin towards the red end of the colour spectrum results in both enhanced contrast sensitivity and attenuated colour vision.
How Do You Know If Your Child Has CFIDS
Published in David S. Bell, Mary Robinson, Jean Pollard, Thomas A Robinson, Bonnie Floyd, A Parents' Guide to CFIDS, 1999
David S. Bell, Mary Robinson, Jean Pollard, Thomas A Robinson, Bonnie Floyd
The fourth group of symptoms is sensitivities, which, although helpful in identifying CFIDS, usually are not severe. Your child may have unusual sensitivities to many things, such as light, odors, and noise. For instance, being in a large school lunchroom with fluorescent lights and a lot of noise may be very difficult for your YPWC. Some YPWCs experience eye discomfort and light sensitivity, and it is not uncommon to see them wearing sunglasses indoors. In addition, these sensitivities are likely to make your child's fatigue and other symptoms worse. In general, YPWCs are able to accurately describe the degrees of sensitivity they have. They may find that taking tests in classrooms with fluorescent lighting and/or echoing noises may be very difficult. If so, you can request educational accommodations, such as testing modifications and taking tests in alternate locations with natural lighting. Patients with CFIDS are also unusually sensitive to drugs, and many will have multiple allergies. Alcohol sensitivity is very fre-
Parent-Reported Barriers and Enablers to Establishing Sun Safety Practices with Young Children in Australia
Published in Comprehensive Child and Adolescent Nursing, 2022
Kavindri Kulasinghe, Amy E. Mitchell, Alina Morawska
The degree of adherence to recommended sun safety behaviors by children in different age bands and the full sample is shown in Table 2. The proportions of children always/almost always adhering to each sun safety behavior are shown in Figure 1. No children younger than 12 months of age always/almost always wore sunglasses when outside and this did not improve with age. The use of sunscreen improved after the first year of life, with the majority of 1 to 4-year-olds always/almost always wearing sunscreen when outside. Children less than 12 months of age were the most likely to play in the shade, with this proportion steadily decreasing with age. The proportion of children who always/almost always wore hats and shirts that covered their shoulders was high and relatively stable across age groups.
Post-concussion Syndrome Light Sensitivity: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Published in Neuro-Ophthalmology, 2022
Mohammad Abusamak, Hamzeh Mohammad Alrawashdeh
Photophobia is regarded to be among the most challenging neuro-ophthalmological disorders to manage since there are no large randomised controlled trials to guide management.1 Dark-coloured and tinted lenses for photosensitivity related to concussion have been tested, with 85% of patients reporting improvement.3 Additionally, some behavioural adjustments, such as using polarised sunglasses, anti-glare covers for electronic devices, and non-liquid crystal display displays, may help alleviate light sensitivity.21 Sunglasses may reduce photophobia, but their usage indoors is discouraged since they will worsen dark adaptation. Tinted lenses, such as FL-41, filter out light at the 480 nm wavelength, which has been shown to benefit a large number of patients since this is the wavelength at which ipRGCs are most sensitive.19 In addition, the frequent use of topical ocular lubricants is advised.16
Managing Photophobia with the Utilisation of Smart Light Bulbs
Published in Neuro-Ophthalmology, 2021
Yujia Zhou, Sushant Wagley, Collin M. McClelland, Michael S. Lee
Tinted lenses and sunglasses are frequently used to treat photophobia.2 Sunglasses obstruct all frequencies of light, which makes it difficult for patients to see visual details, especially in a dim environment. Tinted lenses, such as FL-41, have specific transmission properties that block certain wavelengths (around 480 nm) of light that contribute to photophobia.3 In a study of post-concussion patients, blue-coloured lenses were the most common colour that produced relief, followed by green, red, and purple; and most of the patients had symptomatic improvement with multiple colours.2 However, the colour of the tinted lenses is fixed and it may not cater to the patients’ personal needs. In addition, photophobic patients should not wear darkly-tinted lenses indoors, because they may become even more sensitive to light as their eyes become increasingly dark-adapted.2,3