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Organization and Management of a Laser Safety Program
Published in Kenneth L. Miller, Handbook of Management of Radiation Protection Programs, 2020
Accident exposure reports overwhelmingly point to lack of user concern for eye protection, wearing wrong eye protection, and purposefully exposing a spectator as reasons for eye damage.19-29 Biological effects in the eye occur in different structures depending on the wavelength of the laser beam and amount of energy absorbed by the structure. Visible and near-infrared wavelengths (400 to 1400 nm) are absorbed by the retina. Radiation that passes through the lens and impinges on the retina has an increased energy of 105 due to focusing by the lens. The “blue light hazard region” includes wavelengths in the 400 to 500 nm range and is named such because of the significant retinal hazard from long-term exposure to these wavelengths. Middle-ultraviolet (200 to 315 nm) and far-infrared (3000 to 106 nm) wavelengths are absorbed by the cornea and can cause photokeratitis. Near-ultraviolet (315 to 400 nm) and middle-infrared (1400 to 3000 nm) wavelengths penetrate further and are absorbed by the lens. These wavelengths may contribute to the production of cataracts.
Emergencies due to laser and light-based devices
Published in Biju Vasudevan, Rajesh Verma, Dermatological Emergencies, 2019
Although eye protection is essential, laser eye injury can occur even if protection is used. Goggles and shields can shift during use, and laser light can penetrate through to exposed, unprotected surfaces. It has also been postulated that light can reflect off of the cheekbone or orbital rim and enter the eye indirectly [12].
Microdermabrasion and Dermabrasion
Published in Antonella Tosti, Maria Pia De Padova, Gabriella Fabbrocini, Kenneth R. Beer, Acne Scars, 2018
Annie Chiu, Deirdre Hooper, Katherine O. Brag
On the day of treatment, patients should present without makeup or jewelry on the intended treatment area. The patient should lie in the supine position. The treatment area should be cleansed, and then degreased using rubbing alcohol to remove any oil, residual makeup, or sunscreen from the skin. Both the patient and provider should wear eye protection. Anesthesia can be achieved with nerve block, local injection, tumescent anesthesia, or cryoanesthesia techniques. The skin should then be sterilized with chlorhexidine, being sure to avoid contact with the eyes and ears. Finally, the area can be covered with sterile drapes. With the motorized technique, pre-treatment of the area with a refrigerant spray provides a hard, consistent surface upon which to work [3,26].
Trend of Incidence of Ocular Injury in Service Members of the U.S. Armed Forces in 2016–2019
Published in Ophthalmic Epidemiology, 2023
Given the caveat of low compliance of coding of causes and activities, our results provide the useful data for identifying intention/mechanisms associated with ocular injuries and high-risk occupations. Of note, unintentional injuries and struck were predominant intent/mechanism in the documented cases. Ocular injury was predominantly associated with sports/physical training, although only a small proportion of patients had the coded activities. Therefore, prevention measures such as wearing approved eye protection during physically aggressive activities, including sports and physical training, may alleviate ocular injuries among service members. Evaluation of ECC showed the majority of ocular injuries were associated with military activity. Similarly, the extremely low frequency of coded alcohol use might be due to poor compliance of coding. Of note, alcohol involvement appeared more frequent in complicated injuries (0.75%) than in uncomplicated injuries (0.24%). Similar findings have been described previously, with risk behavior and alcohol consumption being independently associated with more severe open-globe injuries.13
Comprehensive Profiling through a Cross-sectional Assessment on the Awareness about Eye Protection Safety among Dental Professionals in Saudi Arabia
Published in Ophthalmic Epidemiology, 2022
Moreover, there are multiple regulatory bodies, such as the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the American National Standards Institute, and the Occupational Safety and Health Administration.24,25 Even the Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia, has issued guidelines for the control of infection among dental professionals.26 These bodies recommend consistent use of eye protection as a barrier to prevent infectious material from entering the eye in conjunction with other personal protective equipment such as gloves, gowns, masks, or respirators. Masks in combination with eye protection devices, such as goggles or glasses with solid side shields or chin-length face shields, shall be worn whenever splashes, sprays, spatters, or droplets of blood or other potentially infectious materials may be generated, and eye, nose, or mouth contamination can be reasonably anticipated.
Exposure of Contralateral Eyes to Laser Radiation during Retinal Photocoagulation
Published in Current Eye Research, 2021
Donald Gauldin, Kinza T Ahmad, Scott Ferguson, Sami H Uwaydat
The most recent version of the ANSI guidelines updated in 2018 contains a short discussion of general eye protection stating that, “when the patient’s eyes are potentially within the [Nominal Hazard Zone], they shall be protected from inadvertent exposure by a method approved by the [Laser Safety Officer]”.14 It goes on to suggest options for eye protection citing the possible use of “spectacles, goggles, periorbital goggles, corneal shields or wet cloth towels over the ocular area”.14 In clinical practice, during ophthalmic laser procedures, the opposite untreated eye is usually left uncovered, as patients are required to fixate on a target with the untreated eye while the laser is being delivered to the treated eye. Given the well-known ophthalmic risk posed by unchecked direct laser use, we decided to investigate whether the untreated eye is actually in danger of receiving excessive indirect laser exposure during active sessions of retinal photocoagulation.