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Malignant Neoplasms
Published in Amy J. Litterini, Christopher M. Wilson, Physical Activity and Rehabilitation in Life-threatening Illness, 2021
Amy J. Litterini, Christopher M. Wilson
The mainstays of oncologic medical management in most countries includes surgical oncology, for the removal of tumors, medical oncology, the treatment of cancer with medicine, and radiation oncology, the treatment of cancer with radioactive sources. Access to these treatment modalities varies widely across the globe, and is heavily influenced by the availability of the practitioners, medications and equipment, proximity to cancer centers, and socioeconomic status and insurance status. Depending on the diagnosis, some individuals will receive all three treatment modalities, and may receive medical oncology and radiation oncology interventions simultaneously or concurrently. Some treatments occur pre-operatively, or neoadjuvantly, or postoperatively, or adjuvantly.
Gastrointestinal cancer
Published in Peter Hoskin, Peter Ostler, Clinical Oncology, 2020
Advances in laparoscopic techniques and robotic surgery have made such refinements available to patients with colorectal cancer. Although more costly with prolonged operating times, they offer the advantage of less perioperative blood loss, reduced postoperative pain and ileus and more rapid postoperative recovery times. The long-term surgical oncology outcomes are awaited.
Anatomy
Published in Peter Sagar, Andrew G. Hill, Charles H. Knowles, Stefan Post, Willem A. Bemelman, Patricia L. Roberts, Susan Galandiuk, John R.T. Monson, Michael R.B. Keighley, Norman S. Williams, Keighley & Williams’ Surgery of the Anus, Rectum and Colon, 2019
Reza Mirnezami, Alex H. Mirnezami
Careful planning and anatomical understanding, especially in surgical oncology, through the use of detailed imaging and accurate staging are a cornerstone of modern surgical practice. In this way the surgeon may better appreciate the extent of any disease process, and plan their surgical approach and the treatment required more accurately.
Breaking Down Silos
Published in Oncology Issues, 2019
Pamela R. Proman, William D. James, Nancy H. Johnson
Through the SLAMs, a focus on departmental timelines for charge input, review, and approval prior to charge export surfaced (see Figure 5, right). Best practices in the medical and radiation oncology practices were carried over to improve practices within surgical oncology. Additionally, surgical oncology faced interdepartmental barriers associated with a time lag for completed pathology and operative reports. Although this delay remains a work in progress that is being addressed by the information services department, the problem would have gone undiscovered without a concerted effort to identify departmental silos.
Indications, complications, and outcomes following surgical management of locally advanced and metastatic renal cell carcinoma
Published in Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy, 2018
Javier González, Jeffrey J. Gaynor, Mahmoud Alameddine, Manuel Esteban, Gaetano Ciancio
The primary objective in surgical oncology is to render the patient free of viable neoplastic tissue, thus providing for an adequate surgical margin and preventing dissemination. In 1969, Robson et al. [10] established the basic principles for radical surgical treatment in RCC including: (i) the early ligation of the renal vessels to minimize the risk of tumor vascular spreading; (ii) wide excision of tumor burden (including the Gerota´s fascia, perirenal fat, and adrenal gland along with the nephrectomy specimen), and (iii) extensive lymphadenectomy of paraaortic and paracaval nodes (aimed to prevent lymphatic dissemination).
Histotripsy ablation for the treatment of feline injection site sarcomas: a first-in-cat in vivo feasibility study
Published in International Journal of Hyperthermia, 2023
Lauren Ruger, Ester Yang, Sheryl Coutermarsh-Ott, Elliana Vickers, Jessica Gannon, Marlie Nightengale, Andy Hsueh, Brittany Ciepluch, Nikolaos Dervisis, Eli Vlaisavljevich, Shawna Klahn
Within 10 days prior to histotripsy treatment, the baseline evaluation for each patient included a physical examination, complete blood count (CBC) and serum biochemistry analyses, caliper measurements and gross photographs of the tumor, and a contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) scan (SOMATOM Confidence® RT) of the thorax, abdomen, and tumor. Also prior to histotripsy, pretreatment biopsies were collected from tumor regions outside of the planned treatment zone. Two patients (Patient #1 and Patient #2) had their biopsies collected five days prior to histotripsy treatment, while one patient biopsy (Patient #3) was completed immediately prior to histotripsy. On the day of histotripsy treatment, a physical exam was completed to assess for any changes from the baseline visit, and tumor photographs were obtained immediately prior to and immediately following treatment. One day post-treatment, patients underwent physical exams, and tumor measurements/photographs were collected. Three to six days post-treatment, tumor measurements and photographs were collected, and CBC and serum biochemistry analyses were completed immediately prior to surgical resection by a Diplomate of the ACVS and Fellow in Surgical Oncology. After surgery, patients were recovered in the intensive care unit and discharged to the care of their owners when deemed appropriate by the attending clinician. Two weeks after surgery, patients were examined and the surgery site was photographed at a final study recheck visit. Post-study monitoring recommendations were made as appropriate by the study clinician depending on the patient’s tumor type and stage. Patient outcome was continually monitored upon completion of the study through follow-up visits and/or communication with the owner or primary care veterinarian. The study workflow and timeline are summarized in Figure 1.