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Prostate cancer
Published in Anju Sahdev, Sarah J. Vinnicombe, Husband & Reznek's Imaging in Oncology, 2020
Jurgen J Fütterer, Fillip Kossov, Henkjan Huisman
It has been shown that the combination of DCE-MRI and high-resolution T2WI improves staging performance. Moreover, DCE-MRI may improve local prostate cancer staging for less experienced radiologists (106). Dynamic subtraction contrast-enhanced endorectal MRI improves staging accuracy for both extraprostatic extension and seminal invasion (107).
History of Imaging for Prostate Cancer
Published in Ayman El-Baz, Gyan Pareek, Jasjit S. Suri, Prostate Cancer Imaging, 2018
Computed tomography and MRI in conjunction with whole-body bone scintigraphy have formed the basis for accurate staging for prostate cancer and the detection of metastatic lesions. Prostate cancer staging involves assessment of extraprostatic extension, seminal vesicle involvement, and lymph node and bone involvement. MpMRI has been studied as a tool to predict organ-confined prostate cancer on final pathology but has shown poor sensitivity (47%) for pathological extraprostatic extension (38,39).
Test Paper 4
Published in Teck Yew Chin, Susan Cheng Shelmerdine, Akash Ganguly, Chinedum Anosike, Get Through, 2017
Teck Yew Chin, Susan Cheng Shelmerdine, Akash Ganguly, Chinedum Anosike
T1-weighted images are important in prostate cancer staging, because they show the presence of haemorrhage secondary to a recent biopsy; haemorrhage is almost always hyperintense compared with normal parenchyma on T1-weighted MRI. Haemorrhage typically appears low in signal on T2-weighted MRI and mimics cancer.
Piflufolastat F-18 (18F-DCFPyL) for PSMA PET imaging in prostate cancer
Published in Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy, 2022
Andrew F. Voter, Rudolf A. Werner, Kenneth J. Pienta, Michael A. Gorin, Martin G. Pomper, Lilja B. Solnes, Steven P. Rowe
A wide range of imaging techniques have been developed in an attempt to detect prostate cancer metastases. Prostate cancer has a predilection to spread to lymph nodes and bone, along with less common metastatic sites including lung, liver, and the adrenal glands [5]. Complete prostate cancer staging requires two components, bone and soft tissue imaging, which are classically performed separately. While conventional computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) cross-sectional imaging can detect soft-tissue metastases, their capacity to detect osseous disease is limited [6]. Historically, skeletal radiographs have been used to identify distant spread, but bony disease can only be detected on radiographs after significant remodeling has occurred, limiting its utility as a screening tool [5]. More commonly, bone scans, usually with the bone-seeking agent 99mTc-methylene diphosphonate (MDP), are used. Rather than directly imaging metastatic cancerous cells, labelled MDP is incorporated into areas of active bone metabolism. This provides greater sensitivity for bony metastases but at the price of reduced specificity, as other etiologies of bone turnover, such as inflammation, infection, or injury will also lead to MDP uptake. Bone scans also have relatively poor sensitivity early in disease progression or recurrence (i.e. at lower PSA levels), limiting their value as a screening tool [5,7,8].
Value of clinical parameters and MRI with PI-RADSV2 in predicting seminal vesicle invasion of prostate cancer
Published in Scandinavian Journal of Urology, 2021
Bumjin Lim, Se Young Choi, Yoon Soo Kyung, Dalsan You, In Gab Jeong, Jun Hyuk Hong, Hanjong Ahn, Choung-Soo Kim
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is one of the most important diagnostic modalities for preoperative staging in prostate cancer as it can accurately determine the extent of the lesion compared with other tests [1,2]. The development of multi-parametric MRI (mp-MRI) can be obtained to clinically stage more accurately [3]. The prediction of prostate cancer staging is important in determining the treatment plan. In particular, seminal vesicle invasion (SVI) is associated with a very poor prognosis. The accurate evaluation of SVI is important for treatment decision-making [4]. According to the NCCN guidelines, patients with SVI are classified as a very-high-risk group, and the use of external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is recommended as a treatment option [5].