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Nutraceutical’s Role in Proliferation and Prevention of Colorectal Cancer
Published in Sheeba Varghese Gupta, Yashwant V. Pathak, Advances in Nutraceutical Applications in Cancer, 2019
Mayur M. Patel, Shruti U. Rawal, Jayvadan K. Patel
Colorectal carcinoma is the cancer that starts in distal alimentary canal (large intestine) involving colon and/or rectum. Most of the CRC initiate with the development of “polyps,” which are small growth on the inner lining (mucosa) of colon or rectum. Some of these polyps are precancerous and may progress to the development of cancer. Polyps that are flat or have raised growths are termed as sessile polyps, and those having a growth on short stalks are termed as pedunculated polyps. The presence of polyps, however, does not always indicate a cancerous or even precancerous condition. Noncancerous polyps include small hyperplastic polyps, inflammatory polyps, and hamartomatous polyps, which are not part of an inherited polyp syndrome. Cancerous polyps are hyperplastic polyps and adenomas. Polyps have to be extracted during colonoscopy in order to determine their nature and prevent CRC incidence [11].
Common diseases of the vulva
Published in Miranda A. Farage, Howard I. Maibach, The Vulva, 2017
Diane Elas, Colleen K. Stockdale
Low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) corresponds to the older terminology of VIN I, encompassing flat condyloma or HPV effect. Typically, this is not a precancerous condition, and treatment is based on symptom and is self-limiting (19–21).
Biomarkers in Environmental Epidemiology
Published in Anthony P. DeCaprio, Toxicologic Biomarkers, 2006
Understanding the key genetic alterations occurring at early stages of the carcinogenic process can yield biomarkers that have the potential to refine surveillance approaches among high-risk groups. An example is Barrett’s esophagus, a precancerous condition associated with an order of magnitude or more increased risk of adenocarcinoma (65). Despite this increased risk, the effectiveness of endoscopic surveillance has been questioned because of the high prevalence of Barrett’s esophagus in the population and the relative rarity of cancer detection in absolute terms. In a prospective cohort study of Barrett’s patients, those with overexpression of cyclin D1 at recruitment had a six-to sevenfold increased risk of progression to malignancy (66). The newer screening techniques in genomics, proteomics, and metabolomics may yield a new generation of candidate markers for application in this context and provide appropriate combinations of molecular markers to improve the sensitivity and specificity of this approach (see below).
The association between micronucleus, nucleoplasmic bridges, and nuclear buds frequency and the degree of uterine cervical lesions
Published in Biomarkers, 2018
Goneta Gashi, Vesna Mahovlić, Suzana Manxhuka–Kerliu, Arjeta Podrimaj-Bytyqi, Luljeta Gashi, Isa R. Elezaj
In the present study, for the first time, the MN assay was used simultaneously to detect baseline genetic damage both in lymphocytes and buccal cells from patients having cervical lesions.Our findings have shown the assessment of other nuclear anomalies such are NPBs and NBUDs in PBL.We showed the first study evaluating the correlation between MN in buccal exfoliated cells (BEC) and MN in PBL in patients with HSIL and SCC.Since we have found the increased frequencies of such biomarkers even in precancerous condition, clinically, the ability to identify high-risk subgroups is imperative, such individuals might benefit from early detection and prevention programs.
Gastric intestinal metaplasia assessment between linked color imaging based on endoscopy and pathology
Published in Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology, 2021
Guanpo Zhang, Jin Zheng, Linfu Zheng, Shentong Yu, Chuanshen Jiang, Wulian Lin, Dazhou Li, Lijuan Qu, Wen Wang
Gastric cancer (GC) is a global health issue and the third leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide [1,2]. Most GCs (mainly intestinal type) develop because of progressive changes from chronic gastritis through gastric atrophy (GA), gastric intestinal metaplasia (GIM), dysplasia, and ultimately, invasive neoplasia [3]. GIM is considered a precancerous condition because it forms the background in which dysplasia and intestinal-type GC often develop [4,5].