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UVA Therapy in Vitiligo
Published in Vineet Relhan, Vijay Kumar Garg, Sneha Ghunawat, Khushbu Mahajan, Comprehensive Textbook on Vitiligo, 2020
Surabhi Dayal, Priyadarshini Sahu
Photochemotherapy is a photochemical reaction between exogenous photosensitizer (i.e., psoralen) and UVA radiation, which has beneficial effects in various dermatological diseases. It is mainly of two types: PUVA and PUVAsol. In PUVA, UVA radiation is produced by an artificial light source which is equipped with a fluorescent bulb. In centers where artificial chambers are not available, sunlight is used as the source of UVA irradiation and is known as PUVAsol.
The Integumentary (Dermatologic) System and Its Disorders
Published in Walter F. Stanaszek, Mary J. Stanaszek, Robert J. Holt, Steven Strauss, Understanding Medical Terms, 2020
Walter F. Stanaszek, Mary J. Stanaszek, Robert J. Holt, Steven Strauss
Coal tar preparations are available in gels or oils for use in treating psoriasis. Subsequent ultraviolet radiation and/or topical corticosteroids can increase the clinical response. Photochemotherapy, used in the treatment of psoriasis, includes administration of a drug (psoralens) and subsequent exposure of the skin to a predetermined amount of ultraviolet radiation. This therapy is sometimes denoted by the abbreviation PUVA.
Skin damage from environmental hazards
Published in Ronald Marks, Richard Motley, Common Skin Diseases, 2019
Patients improve when they avoid sun exposure and use sunscreens blocking UVA. Weak topical corticosteroids may help, but some severely affected patients may need hydroxychloroquine (200 mg twice daily) or even azathioprine (50 mg twice daily). Desensitizing patients with photochemotherapy with UVA (see Chapter 23) sometimes helps.
Trial watch: an update of clinical advances in photodynamic therapy and its immunoadjuvant properties for cancer treatment
Published in OncoImmunology, 2023
Mafalda Penetra, Luís G. Arnaut, Lígia C. Gomes-da-Silva
In this Trial Watch, a comprehensive summary of all clinical trials initiated in the past ten years is provided. Our research on ClinicalTrials.gov utilized the keywords “cancer” and “photodynamic therapy” and covers the period from March of 2013 to March of 2023. After excluding trials with a withdrawn status, our search yielded 174 results. From these, we further excluded studies that did not specify the photosensitizer or those involving non-cancer conditions (e.g., port-wine stains) as well as two trials related to extracorporeal photochemotherapy. Our selection criteria resulted in 132 studies, which we organized into five tables for easy reference. Table 2 summarizes clinical trials of PDT for cancer treatment with photosensitizers while Table 3 focuses on PDT trials using the pro-drugs, ALA and its derivatives, for cancer treatment. Table 4 provides an overview of the clinical trials investigating the use of PDT for cancer treatment including its effects on immune responses. Table 5 refers to clinical trials investigating the combination of PDT with immune checkpoint blockers (ICBs). Finally, we also included a table in the supplement material that summarizes clinical trials of PDT related to skin disorders that may progress to cancer if left untreated (Table S1).
Treatment patterns in UK adult patients with atopic dermatitis treated with systemic immunosuppressants: data from The Health Improvement Network (THIN)
Published in Journal of Dermatological Treatment, 2020
Laurent Eckert, Caroline Amand, Abhijit Gadkari, Raj Rout, Richard Hudson, Michael Ardern-Jones
Phototherapy/photochemotherapy had a negligible prescription rate in the current study. This is because the THIN database only reports patients seen in general practice, and phototherapy can only be prescribed by a consultant dermatologist or accredited practitioner working under the supervision of a consultant dermatologist (30), and delivered in secondary care as a hospital day case treatment. By contrast, the study by Taylor et al. (22) was conducted among specialists, who can prescribe phototherapy, and in this study phototherapy was the most common therapeutic modality. These results are not unusual, as specialists are more likely to follow treatment guidelines than primary care physicians and use a step-wise treatment approach in doing so (31), whereby phototherapy is prescribed prior to IMMs.
Self-assembled thermal gold nanorod-loaded thermosensitive liposome-encapsulated ganoderic acid for antibacterial and cancer photochemotherapy
Published in Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology, 2019
Weiwei Zhang, Wenwen Yu, Xiaoyuan Ding, Chenyang Yin, Jing Yan, Endong Yang, Feng Guo, Dongdong Sun, Weiyun Wang
The potential in vivo toxicity is usually a significant concern for the clinical application of photochemotherapy drugs. To evaluate the toxicity of the Au-LTSL-GA.A + NIR irradiation treatment, blood biochemical and immunohistochemistry assays were performed to examine possible in vivo toxicity in mice after treatment. As shown in Figure 10(A), the levels of cholesterol, blood glucose, uric acid, and alanine aminotransferase in the NIR irradiation and Au-LTSL-GA.A + NIR irradiation groups were similar to those found in the blank group. They all showed healthy blood biochemical indicators. This result was also confirmed by H&E staining of major organs. The blank, NIR irradiation and Au-LTSL-GA.A + NIR treatment groups showed similar histological features, with no obvious impairment or inflammation (Figure 10(B)). These results indicated the safety of the use of the Au-LTSL-GA.A + NIR treatment in mice.