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Tumors of the Nervous System
Published in Philip B. Gorelick, Fernando D. Testai, Graeme J. Hankey, Joanna M. Wardlaw, Hankey's Clinical Neurology, 2020
With the availability of advanced molecular testing, most tumors can be classified as astrocytomas or oligodendrogliomas. In rare cases, where testing is not available or inconclusive and the tumor cells morphologically have features of oligodendrocytes and astrocytes, the diagnoses of oligoastrocytoma NOS and anaplastic oligoastrocytoma NOS can be used.
Central Nervous System
Published in Pat Price, Karol Sikora, Treatment of Cancer, 2020
The importance of the 1p/19q co-deleted genotype in AO was shown by analysis of two trials begun in the 1990s.12,13 Both demonstrated that adding PCV chemotherapy to initial treatment with surgery and radiotherapy prolonged survival in co-deleted patients only (Figure 1.8). As a result, the standard treatment for 1p/19q co-deleted oligodendrogliomas comprises maximal surgical resection followed by conformal radiotherapy and adjuvant PCV chemotherapy. There is now also evidence that low-grade tumors with high-risk features and molecular pathology consistent with oligodendroglioma benefit from the same approach.59
The nervous system
Published in Laurie K. McCorry, Martin M. Zdanowicz, Cynthia Y. Gonnella, Essentials of Human Physiology and Pathophysiology for Pharmacy and Allied Health, 2019
Laurie K. McCorry, Martin M. Zdanowicz, Cynthia Y. Gonnella
Oligodendrogliomas: Tumor arising from the oligodendrocytesRepresent 2% of all primary brain tumors. Most common in middle lifePrognosis is highly variable and depends upon the location of the tumor and degree of anaplasia.
Secondary cerebellopontine angle oligodendroglioma after cranial irradiation: a case report and literature review
Published in International Journal of Neuroscience, 2023
Zhifei Guo, Dekun Li, Yongsheng Xie, Jin Qian, Bing Zhao
Oligodendroglioma is a neuroepithelial tumor that can be divided into oligodendroglioma (grade II) and anaplastic oligodendroglioma (grade III) according to WHO classification [9]. It often occurs in the subcortical white matter and extends to the cortex. The clinical course and prognosis of oligodendroglioma (grade II) are better than those of other gliomas. Grade III anaplastic oligodendrogliomas are more malignant tumors, which indicates a poor prognosis [10]. In our case, the pathological diagnosis was a grade II tumor. Immunohistochemically, CD34, Olig2, and synaptophysin were positive, Ki67 was 15%, and the prognosis was relatively good. However, infratentorial oligodendrogliomas may be more malignant than supratentorial oligodendrogliomas [5], tumor was not completely removed, and the recurrence time may be short, which all affect clinical course and prognosis. Further follow-up is needed.
Multicentric high grade oligodendroglioma: a rare entity
Published in British Journal of Neurosurgery, 2019
Atul Vats, Amit Amit, Paresh Doshi
Oligodendrogliomas are intrinsic brain tumour which are usually calcified solitary tumours made up of predominantly oligodendrocytes and are usually low grade gliomas (WHO Grade 2). Oligodendroglioma is commonly located in the frontal lobe. When the tumors are of mixed cell origin and contain both astrocytic and oligodendrocytic components, the astrocytic component often progresses and degenerates into anaplastic astrocytoma. This phenomena occurs in about half of oligodendrogliomas. Anaplastic oligodendroglioma (WHO grade III) has high-grade features, such as increased mitotic activity, microvascular proliferation, or necrosis. Multicentric oligodendroglioma is an extremely rare entity. Although a solitary case of multicentric low grade oligodendroglioma has been reported,1 we could not find any reports on high grade multifocal oligodendroglioma on literature search.
Anaplastic oligodendroglioma metastasizing to the bone marrow: a unique case report and literature review
Published in International Journal of Neuroscience, 2019
Vikas K. Singh, Shipra Singh, Leela Bhupalam
Oligodendrogliomas (ODs) are a rare type of neuroepithelial tumors accounting for ∼5% of all primary brain tumors [1,2]. The 2016 update of the World Health Organization (WHO) central nervous system (CNS) tumors classification significantly narrows the definition of oligodendrogliomas. They are now defined as diffuse gliomas harboring both a mutation in isocitrate dehydrogenase type 1 (IDH1) or type 2 (IDH2) and codeletion of chromosomes 1p and 19q [3]. The historically diagnosed tumors and tumors with mixed histology for which molecular testing is not available were grouped together as Oligodendroglioma Not Otherwise Specified (NOS). The WHO grading system distinguishes two histopathologic grades of ODs: grade II (low-grade) and grade III (anaplastic oligodendroglioma or AO). ODs may occur at any age but are diagnosed predominantly in the adults with peak incidence between fourth and sixth decades of life [4]. They are slow growing, infiltrative type of tumors which rarely metastasize outside the CNS [5,6]. Metastasis of ODs to the bone marrow is even rarer, with only few cases reported in the literature [7–12]. Here, we present a case of an AO metastasizing to the bone marrow and other sites within a year of diagnosis.