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Tumors of the Nervous System
Published in Philip B. Gorelick, Fernando D. Testai, Graeme J. Hankey, Joanna M. Wardlaw, Hankey's Clinical Neurology, 2020
With the availability of advanced molecular testing, most tumors can be classified as astrocytomas or oligodendrogliomas. In rare cases, where testing is not available or inconclusive and the tumor cells morphologically have features of oligodendrocytes and astrocytes, the diagnoses of oligoastrocytoma NOS and anaplastic oligoastrocytoma NOS can be used.
The nervous system
Published in Laurie K. McCorry, Martin M. Zdanowicz, Cynthia Y. Gonnella, Essentials of Human Physiology and Pathophysiology for Pharmacy and Allied Health, 2019
Laurie K. McCorry, Martin M. Zdanowicz, Cynthia Y. Gonnella
Oligodendrogliomas: Tumor arising from the oligodendrocytesRepresent 2% of all primary brain tumors. Most common in middle lifePrognosis is highly variable and depends upon the location of the tumor and degree of anaplasia.
Oligodendroglioma
Published in Dongyou Liu, Tumors and Cancers, 2017
Oligodendroglioma (or oligodendroglial tumor) arises from oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system (CNS). Accounting for 10%–30% of all gliomas, oligodendroglioma encompasses WHO Grade II oligodendroglioma (70%), which shows round and uniform nuclei with crisp nuclear membranes, delicate chromatin, and small to inconspicuous nucleoli; and WHO Grade III anaplastic oligodendroglioma (30%), which displays enlarged and epithelioid cells with nuclei of increased size and pleomorphism, a more vesicular chromatin pattern and more prominent nucleoli [1].
Primary diffuse leptomeningeal oligodendrogliomatosis with an isolated 1p deletion
Published in British Journal of Neurosurgery, 2023
Samuel Gatzert, Aditya Durgam, Karthikram Raghuram, Amit Agarwal
Concurrent, hemizygous deletions of 1p and 19q regions result from an unbalanced translocation t(1;19)(q10;p10). This abnormality, while also seen in other gliomas, is considered the hallmark of oligodendrogliomas. Although much has been written about the favorable prognostic implications of 1p:19q deletions in adult intraparenchymal oligodendrogliomas,7,8 the literature regarding the prognostic implications of cytological abnormalities in adult and pediatric primary leptomeningeal oligodendrogliomatosis remains sparse. An extensive search of the English literature reveals 95 cases of PDLG and 26 cases with oligodendroglial histology (Table 1). Of these cases, 15 demonstrated a chromosomal abnormality. 1p/19q co-deletion was observed in two adults9,10 and three children.911,12 Isolated 1p deletion was observed in seven patients, all of whom were children.13,14 A single adult case of isolated 19q deletion was observed.14 A recent case series with 33 pediatric and 3 adult cases of PDLO revealed 8 pediatric cases of isolated 1p loss, 3 pediatric cases of 1p/19q co-deletion, and 4 unspecified cases with intact 1p/19q.15 A single pediatric case with intact 1p/19q has also been reported.16
Secondary cerebellopontine angle oligodendroglioma after cranial irradiation: a case report and literature review
Published in International Journal of Neuroscience, 2023
Zhifei Guo, Dekun Li, Yongsheng Xie, Jin Qian, Bing Zhao
Oligodendroglioma is a neuroepithelial tumor that can be divided into oligodendroglioma (grade II) and anaplastic oligodendroglioma (grade III) according to WHO classification [9]. It often occurs in the subcortical white matter and extends to the cortex. The clinical course and prognosis of oligodendroglioma (grade II) are better than those of other gliomas. Grade III anaplastic oligodendrogliomas are more malignant tumors, which indicates a poor prognosis [10]. In our case, the pathological diagnosis was a grade II tumor. Immunohistochemically, CD34, Olig2, and synaptophysin were positive, Ki67 was 15%, and the prognosis was relatively good. However, infratentorial oligodendrogliomas may be more malignant than supratentorial oligodendrogliomas [5], tumor was not completely removed, and the recurrence time may be short, which all affect clinical course and prognosis. Further follow-up is needed.
Multicentric high grade oligodendroglioma: a rare entity
Published in British Journal of Neurosurgery, 2019
Atul Vats, Amit Amit, Paresh Doshi
Oligodendrogliomas are intrinsic brain tumour which are usually calcified solitary tumours made up of predominantly oligodendrocytes and are usually low grade gliomas (WHO Grade 2). Oligodendroglioma is commonly located in the frontal lobe. When the tumors are of mixed cell origin and contain both astrocytic and oligodendrocytic components, the astrocytic component often progresses and degenerates into anaplastic astrocytoma. This phenomena occurs in about half of oligodendrogliomas. Anaplastic oligodendroglioma (WHO grade III) has high-grade features, such as increased mitotic activity, microvascular proliferation, or necrosis. Multicentric oligodendroglioma is an extremely rare entity. Although a solitary case of multicentric low grade oligodendroglioma has been reported,1 we could not find any reports on high grade multifocal oligodendroglioma on literature search.