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Lymphoma
Published in Peter Hoskin, Peter Ostler, Clinical Oncology, 2020
The main differential diagnosis is between Hodgkin lymphoma and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Other causes of lymphadenopathy will also be considered including infection, which can be pyogenic, tuberculous or viral, e.g. EBV or CMV (cytomegalovirus), toxoplasmosis and other neoplastic conditions such as leukaemia or carcinoma.
Oncology
Published in Rachel U Sidwell, Mike A Thomson, Concise Paediatrics, 2020
Rachel U Sidwell, Mike A Thomson
These malignancies of Lymphoid tissue are classified into: Hodgkin diseaseNon-Hodgkin Lymphoma
Thyroid and Parathyroid Gland Pathology
Published in John C Watkinson, Raymond W Clarke, Louise Jayne Clark, Adam J Donne, R James A England, Hisham M Mehanna, Gerald William McGarry, Sean Carrie, Basic Sciences Endocrine Surgery Rhinology, 2018
Ram Moorthy, Sonia Kumar, Adrian T. Warfield
The diagnosis of high-grade non-Hodgkin lymphoma is generally straightforward with adequate FNAC material. Recognition of low-grade non-Hodgkin lymphoma, typically extranodal marginal zone lymphoma (‘MALToma’), however, is sometimes fraught, especially if arising in the context of autoimmune thyroiditis where monomorphism of the neoplastic lymphocytes, which triggers the suspicion of neoplasia, is diluted or obscured by reactive lympho-proliferative elements. Histological examination is typically advised, particularly if more definitive subclassification is desired.
Combining the past and present to advance immuno-radiotherapy of cancer
Published in International Reviews of Immunology, 2023
Ioannis M. Koukourakis, Michael I. Koukourakis
The role of IL-2 in combination with radiotherapy has been poorly investigated. In 1997, Kimura et al. reported a randomized trial on adjuvant, post chemo-radiotherapy, immunotherapy in 174 patients with locally advanced surgically treated patients with lung cancer [114]. Immunotherapy consisted of IL-2 and lymphokine-activated cell administration. No difference in survival was noted. De Stefani et al. published a randomized trial in 2002 in 202 patients with oral/oropharyngeal cancer, treated with IL-2 before surgery and radiotherapy, reporting significantly improved the 5-year overall survival rates (55% in the control group vs. 73% in the IL-2 group) and the 5-year disease free survival rates (51% vs. 64%) [115]. A randomized trial in patients with non-Hodgkins lymphoma treated with Total Body Irradiation and chemotherapy, followed by maintenance IL-2 administration, did not show any survival benefit [116]. An interesting recent randomized phase II trial in 44 patients with metastatic melanoma showed that IL-2 combined with stereotactic body irradiation increased the rate of objective responses (21% complet and 33% partial responses) compared to patients who received IL-2 alone (15% complete and 20% partial responses) [117].
Clinical prognostic risk analysis and progression factor exploration of primary breast lymphoma
Published in Hematology, 2022
Jili Deng, Lan Mi, Xiaopei Wang, Jun Zhu, Chen Zhang, Yuqin Song
Blood test reports were comprehensively collected to explore better this small group of patients’ adverse prognostic factors. Elevated ESR has previously been suggested as a poor prognostic factor for Hodgkin's lymphoma[24]. In our cohort, other general prognostic risk factors, such as ESR, LDH level, B symptoms, and IPI scores, were equally applicable in PB-DLBCL, showing poor prognostic factors for both OS and PFS (P < 0.05). The stage-adjusted IPI can also identify patients with a survival benefit, even if the disease is confined to an early stage. Although B symptoms in patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma are frequently neither recorded nor accurate, as mentioned in the Lugano classification[25], they are still crucialin lymphoma patients, especially those with weight loss.
The Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinases in Eyes with Intraocular Lymphoma
Published in Ocular Immunology and Inflammation, 2022
Kanae Fukutsu, Satoru Kase, Daiju Iwata, Kayo Suzuki, Kenichi Namba, Susumu Ishida
Malignant lymphoma is a general term for malignant tumors with monoclonal proliferation of lymphoid cells. It is classified into two categories: Hodgkin lymphoma that disturbs lymphatic tissues systemically, and the other is non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Most of the intraocular lymphoma (IOL) cases are Non-Hodgkin lymphoma, in which diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common histopathological type.1 IOL is often classified into two categories: the primary IOL (PIOL) which means IOL possibly arising from the vitreoretinal tissues, as well as the intraocular involvements from primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL). The secondary IOL (SIOL) is a metastasis of lymphoma outside the central nervous system. PIOL often masquerades as infectious/noninfectious uveitis, while SIOL usually invades the choroid and manifests as thickened choroid. When patients are suspected of IOL, surgically obtained cell-block from vitreous samples is suggested as an advantageous tool to make an accurate diagnosis.2–4