Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Regulation of Reproduction by Dopamine
Published in Nira Ben-Jonathan, Dopamine, 2020
Disorders of puberty are classified into precocious puberty, defined as sexual maturation before the age of 8 years, and delayed puberty, when menses does not start by age 17, or testicular development is delayed beyond age 20. True precocious puberty results from premature activation of the HPG axis, leading to the development of secondary sex characteristics as well as gametogenesis. The most frequent causes are CNS lesions or infections, hypothalamic disease or hypothyroidism. The youngest confirmed mother in history was a Peruvian girl, who in the 1930s gave birth to a healthy baby boy when she was only 5.5 years old. The causes of her precocious puberty were never determined. Pseudoprecocious puberty is defined as an early development of secondary sexual characteristics without gametogenesis. It can result from abnormal exposure of immature boys to androgens and of immature girls to estrogens. Augmented steroid production can be of gonadal or adrenal origin.
Gender and Sexuality
Published in Mohamed Ahmed Abd El-Hay, Understanding Psychology for Medicine and Nursing, 2019
The physical changes associated with puberty include the development of primary and secondary sex characteristics. Primary sexual characteristics are those needed for reproduction, these involve development of the uterus in girls, and testicles in boys. Girls begin their menstrual cycle. Boys might experience their first ejaculation. Secondary sexual characteristics are not necessary for reproduction but appear during sexual maturation, these include breast development and widening of the hips in girls and voice changes and facial hair in boys.
Endocrinology
Published in Stephan Strobel, Lewis Spitz, Stephen D. Marks, Great Ormond Street Handbook of Paediatrics, 2019
Mehul Dattani, Catherine Peters
Although pubertal development can be arrested, the final height of these children may be unaffected by treatment, particularly if not started early. Early sexual maturation is associated with the early growth acceleration of puberty. In addition, rapid epiphyseal maturation occurs in response to increased sex steroid secretion, which ultimately limits growth. Although children with early puberty tend to be tall when they are young, their final height prognosis is compromised. The earlier the onset of puberty and the shorter the parental heights, the shorter the child’s final height will be. Polycystic ovarian syndrome can be a late problem.
The Unpopular Victims: Individuals Who Are Sexually Abusive – The Black Swans
Published in Journal of Child Sexual Abuse, 2023
A landmark in codified U.S. law was establishment of a juvenile court system in the late 1800s recognizing youth were not mini-adults, but rather young developing humans. The establishment of the field of pediatric endocrinology in the twentieth century was seminal in producing research related to children’s sexual development. In the twenty-first century, human longevity is extended by decades, living past 100 and puberty commencing at significantly younger ages. Puberty is a demarcation, end of childhood, a phase in human development where significant physiological and psychological changes occur to achieve adult sexual maturation and potential for fertility. Regulation of puberty involves factors such as genetic makeup, inheritable characteristics, including nutritional status, environmental and socioeconomic factors.
Association of handgrip strength with anthropometry of a Brazilian healthy adolescent sample
Published in International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 2023
Marcia Ramos, Liszt Palmeira, Tainá Oliveira, Rogério Melo, Camila Lopes, Igor Carvalho, Daniel Chagas, Luiz Alberto Batista
In the present study, no significant difference was found between the genders at 11 and 12 years of age, a result that differs from the findings from Esteves et al. [38], Häger-Ross and Rösblad [7] and Rostamzadeh et al. [28], who observed a significant difference from the age of 11 years. Moura et al. [52] reported a significant difference from the age of 12 years. Although the data obtained in the present investigation point to a superiority in the ability to generate HGS in favor of boys only from 13 years of age, which is in agreement with the results from Ramírez-Vélez et al. [45], at 14 years of age the gain in the ability to generate HGS accelerates and reaches maximum values at 16 years of age (Figure 2). Similar results were registered by Cohen et al. [49] in children aged 10–16 years and by Visnapuu and Jürimäe [53] in young handball and basketball players aged 10–17 years. These results may be a consequence of the increase in the hormone testosterone in boys in this age group, which induces sexual maturation and muscle mass gain [6]. Such facts can contribute to the increase in the capacity to generate muscle strength and, consequently, HGS.
The Development of the Positive Sexuality in Adolescence Scale (PSAS)
Published in The Journal of Sex Research, 2023
Chelly Maes, Jolien Trekels, Emily Impett, Laura Vandenbosch
Results also demonstrated strong reliability and convergent validity of the final PSAS. Surprisingly, age was only positively related to a respectful approach to different sexual expressions and the acceptance of one’s own sexuality. This underlines how these components are gradually developed during adolescence (Russell, 2005), rather than being a static indicator of positive sexuality. The other nonsignificant correlations with age (i.e., a respectful approach to sexual relationships, resilience against challenging sexuality-related experiences, and control over sexual interactions) do not point to the changeability and gradual emergence of other positive sexuality indicators. It may be possible that other factors indicating adolescents’ maturation, such as their sexual maturation (Duke et al., 1980) or pubertal timing (Petersen et al., 1988), are positively related to the five positive sexuality components. As such, future research is warranted to further tap into the possible gradual emergence of positive sexuality indicators during adolescence. Relatedly, only adolescents’ sexual experience was positively linked to their acceptance of their own sexuality. This implies that the more sexually experienced adolescents are, the more they learn to discover and accept their own sexuality. As the field of sexuality research has been skewed toward examining the negative consequences of adolescents’ sexual experiences (Fortenberry, 2016), this particular finding may add nuance to the current literature.