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Bacteria
Published in Julius P. Kreier, Infection, Resistance, and Immunity, 2022
Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis are two of the bacteria that invade the hair follicles in the epidermal layers of the skin. They may not require overt injury to initiate infection. Infection causes excessive secretion by the sebaceous glands at the base of the hair follicles. A pus-filled pimple results. There is some evidence of a cell-mediated immune response. It does not appear to aid recovery. Hormonal disorders associated with puberty appear to be a factor in acne possibly by affecting the skin secretions in such a way as to facilitate microbial survival.
Adolescents With Co-occurring Disorders
Published in Tricia L. Chandler, Fredrick Dombrowski, Tara G. Matthews, Co-occurring Mental Illness and Substance Use Disorders, 2022
Tricia L. Chandler, Fredrick Dombrowski
Puberty: A stage of development in which a child experiences physical, neurological, and cognitive changes as they progress over time from child to adult. Puberty is most notable for physical health changes in the body, in which an individual obtains more pronounced primary and secondary sex characteristics while also experiencing an increase in physical and sexual attraction to others.
Growth Assessment
Published in Praveen S. Goday, Cassandra L. S. Walia, Pediatric Nutrition for Dietitians, 2022
Julia Driggers, Kanak Verma, Vi Goh
Puberty refers to the physical changes that occur during adolescence, including growth in stature and development of secondary sexual characteristics. The latter occurs in a series of events that also follows a predictable pattern, with some individual variation in sequence and timing of onset (between 8 and 13 years in girls and 9.5 and 14 years in boys). Sexual maturation can happen gradually or with several changes at once. Tanner staging is a sexual maturity rating system used to define physical measures of sexual development, including breast changes in females, genital changes in males, and pubic hair changes in both females and males. Tanner staging is commonly used to define the pre- or peri-pubertal stage of a child at a single point in time (Appendix B). In boys, the first change is testicular development followed by penile growth and pubic hair development. In girls, the first change is breast development followed by the appearance of pubic hair which is then followed by menarche.
The Unpopular Victims: Individuals Who Are Sexually Abusive – The Black Swans
Published in Journal of Child Sexual Abuse, 2023
A landmark in codified U.S. law was establishment of a juvenile court system in the late 1800s recognizing youth were not mini-adults, but rather young developing humans. The establishment of the field of pediatric endocrinology in the twentieth century was seminal in producing research related to children’s sexual development. In the twenty-first century, human longevity is extended by decades, living past 100 and puberty commencing at significantly younger ages. Puberty is a demarcation, end of childhood, a phase in human development where significant physiological and psychological changes occur to achieve adult sexual maturation and potential for fertility. Regulation of puberty involves factors such as genetic makeup, inheritable characteristics, including nutritional status, environmental and socioeconomic factors.
Deep phenotyping of pubertal development in Norwegian children: the Bergen Growth Study 2
Published in Annals of Human Biology, 2023
Petur B. Juliusson, Ingvild S. Bruserud, Ninnie Helen Bakken Oehme, Andre Madsen, Ingvild H. Forthun, Melissa Balthasar, Karen Rosendahl, Kristin Viste, Astanand Jugessur, Lawrence M. Schell, Robert Bjerknes, Mathieu Roelants
Puberty is a period of dramatic somatic changes that leads to adult reproductive function. Alterations in the timing of puberty have been associated with a wide range of adverse health outcomes, placing a significant personal and economic burden on families and society (Day et al. 2015; Golub et al. 2008). In girls, for example, early pubertal timing is associated with an earlier sexual debut, a higher risk for sexual abuse and psychosocial maladjustment, and an increased lifetime susceptibility to reproductive cancers (Golub et al., 2008; Michaud et al., 2006). In boys, several studies have reported an association between early puberty and testicular cancer, whereas late pubertal onset has been associated with reduced semen quality (Jensen et al., 2016). Both early and late puberty in boys have been linked to psychosocial difficulties (Golub et al., 2008; Michaud et al., 2006). Furthermore, early puberty in both sexes has been associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes in adulthood (Golub et al., 2008; Day et al., 2015).
Teaching Puberty for LGBTQIA + Diversity, Inclusion, and Beyond: A New Model of Expansive Pubertal Understanding
Published in American Journal of Sexuality Education, 2022
It is also essential to discuss the various levels or forms of desire. Desire itself is variable, not only between people (such as asexual individuals or people with high levels of sexual drive), but also within people (and over the life span). It is important that these are overtly recognized, and that an increase of sexual desire that is often accompanying pubertal physical transformation is not given a “target”. Sexual desire may be strong or light or not present, sexual desire may be focused on the self and self-pleasure, or relating to others. Those others may be of diverse bodies and genders. Just because the body can procreate, does not mean that it is heterosexual in desire. For example, when talking about lubrication from the Bartholin glands, one cannot assume that that lubrication is preparing the vagina for a penis. Similarly, when talking about ejaculation, one does not assume that it is occurring inside a vagina. The conversation on sexual ability, desire, and direction, allows for a much richer and more inclusive conversation; also one that is better framed for discussions about sexual consent. This new conversation can welcome many sexualities into a positive discussion on puberty, and one which puts health, physical, and psychological wellbeing, at the forefront.