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Vulvar Cancer
Published in Dongyou Liu, Tumors and Cancers, 2017
Tumors of the vulva comprise (1) epithelial tumors (squamous and related tumors and precursors [squamous cell carcinoma not otherwise specified, or SCC NOS—keratinizing, nonkeratinizing, basaloid, warty, verrucous, keratoacanthoma-like, variant with tumor giant cells; basal cell carcinoma; squamous intraepithelial neoplasia—vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia [VIN] 3 or SCC in situ; benign squamous lesions—condyloma acuminatum, vestibular papilloma or micropapillomatosis, fibroepithelial polyp, seborrheic and inverted follicular keratosis, keratoacanthoma], glandular tumors [Paget disease; Bartholin gland tumors—adenocarcinoma, SCC, adenoid cystic carcinoma, adenosquamous carcinoma, transitional cell carcinoma, small cell carcinoma, adenoma, adenomyoma; tumors arising from specialized anogenital mammary-like glands—adenocarcinoma of mammary gland type, papillary hidradenoma; adenocarcinoma of Skene gland origin; adenocarcinomas of other types; adenoma of minor vestibular glands; mixed tumor of the vulva], tumors of skin appendage origin [malignant sweat gland tumors, sebaceous carcinoma, syringoma, nodular hidradenoma, trichoepithelioma, trichilemmoma]), (2) soft tissue tumors (sarcoma botryoides, leiomyosarcoma, proximal epithelioid sarcoma, alveolar soft part sarcoma, liposarcoma, dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, deep angiomyxoma, superficial angiomyxoma, angiomyofibroblastoma, cellular angiofibroma, leiomyoma, granular cell tumor), (3) melanocytic tumors (malignant melanoma, congenital melanocytic nevus, acquired melanocytic nevus, blue nevus, atypical melanocytic nevus of the genital type, dysplastic melanocytic nevus), (4) miscellaneous tumors (yolk sac tumor, Merkel cell tumor, peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor or Ewing tumor), (5) hematopoietic and lymphoid tumors (malignant lymphoma, leukemia), and (6) secondary tumors [1].
Hidradenoma papilliferum of the perineum; a rare tumour in a rare location
Published in Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2023
Saliha Sağnıç, Sinan Serdar Ay, Hasan Aykut Tuncer, Selen Doğan, Tayup Şimşek
Although HP was generally described as asymptomatic in previous studies (Spindler et al. 2019, Patel et al. 2020), our patient had complaints such as itching and bleeding in the lesion due to irritation. This single, solitary nodule may cause tenderness (Spindler et al. 2019), dyspareunia (Birge et al. 2021), pain, bleeding, burning, and discharge if associated with ulceration (Seo et al. 2019), and increasing in diameter with the menstrual flow (Woodworth et al. 1971). HP is most commonly seen in the labia majora or labia minora, here we identified it in a rarer location, the perineum. It can mimic other vulvar malign neoplasms clinically so the final diagnosis needs to be confirmed histologically. Malignant cases were reported despite the rarity of malignant transformation (Shah, et al. 2008, Theodosiou et al. 2016, Kim et al. 2021). Several cases of ductal carcinoma in situ arising within a pre-existing hidradenoma papilliferum have been documented, and three cases have reported invasive carcinomas arising from HP (malignant perianal papillary hidradenoma, vulvar adenosquamous carcinoma and six cases of hidradenocarcinoma) (Vazmitel et al. 2008, Kondo et al. 2018, McGauran et al. 2021). One of these cases died from a disseminated tumour 2 months after local excision (Bannatyne et al. 1989). Paget’s disease associated with adenocarcinoma developing in a hidradenoma papilliferum in a 50-year-old lady was also described (Weilburg et al. 1967). However, in another case authors have failed to demonstrate continuity between the two lesions (Stefanato et al. 2000). These rare cases show that not all hidradenomas are innocent.
Endocrine mucin-producing sweat gland carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Published in Journal of Dermatological Treatment, 2022
Michael H. Froehlich, Keith R. Conti, Ivy I. Norris, Jordan J. Allensworth, Nicole A. Ufkes, Shaun A. Nguyen, Evelyn T. Bruner, Joel Cook, Terry A. Day
There were 12 studies that reported initially incorrect pathological diagnoses, 11 of which presented a list of the initial diagnoses for those which were initially incorrect. This encompassed a total of 31 cases. Of these 31 cases, 22 different pathological diagnoses were given. Of these, 45.5% (10/22) were misdiagnosed as various forms of hidradenomas. There were 4 diagnoses of simply ‘hidradenoma’, 4 nodular hidradenomas, 1 papillary hidradenoma, and 1 clear cell hidradenoma (Table 3).