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The Neurologic Disorders in Film
Published in Eelco F. M. Wijdicks, Neurocinema—The Sequel, 2022
The main themes in Neurocinema—The Sequel are sudden confrontation with a major neurologic illness, disability from chronic neurologic disease, and inability to resume a normal life. What is the impact of neurologic disease on relationships, work, skill, and even creativity? How does the drama before us articulate the seriousness and the vicissitudes of certain neurologic disorders? Acute neurologic conditions produce sudden plot twists and are thus frequently used in screenplays. Neurologic disease is portrayed in several scenarios. The first and most visible one is a film based on or inspired by a true story. These films come naturally because the story is often well researched and has originated from a personal memoir. Examples are Reversal of Fortune, The Sea Inside, Lorenzo’s Oil, My Left Foot, Iris, and more recently, The Intouchables. All these films have distinct qualities; the neurologic disorder is a vital thread, but doing it right requires a great actor. Beyond those examples are several more underappreciated, less frequently seen films chiefly concerned with a specific topic that drives the plot, for example, A Late Quartet, Side Effects, and The Tic Code.
Other Neurologic Diseases in Pregnancy
Published in Vincenzo Berghella, Maternal-Fetal Evidence Based Guidelines, 2022
Loralei L. Thornburg, Meredith L. Birsner
Overall, most neurologic diseases will require a multidisciplinary approach and care planning between teams. Therefore, a general approach for ALL neurologic disease is reviewed first in this chapter, with specifics for each disease state to follow.
Role of Oxidative Stress in Neurodegeneration
Published in Abhai Kumar, Debasis Bagchi, Antioxidants and Functional Foods for Neurodegenerative Disorders, 2021
Neelam Yadav, Pradeep K. Shukla
In the modern era of science and technology where humans have been successful in many fields, our knowledge is scarce about the functions and diseases of the nervous system. Until now, several neurological disease conditions have been attributed to malfunctioning of the central nervous system (CNS), and an important group of diseases is neurodegenerative disorders. These diseases include common and debilitating disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), Huntington’s disease (HD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), stroke, and multiple sclerosis (MS). These disorders have a characteristic pattern of neuronal degeneration in anatomically or functionally related regions (Figure 1.1). Oxidative stress is one of the leading hypothesis regarding the pathogenesis of these neurological disorders. Oxidative stress is induced by various factors that disturb intracellular oxidant and antioxidant homeostasis in the brain cells and ultimately affects normal brain functions.
Understanding and managing respiratory infections in children and young adults with neurological impairment
Published in Expert Review of Respiratory Medicine, 2023
Marijke Proesmans, Francois Vermeulen, Mieke Boon
The care for children and young adults with neurological impairment and chronic respiratory problems is challenging. The interplay between several causative factors may be difficult to disentangle. Moreover, the underlying neurological disease and its necessary pharmacological treatment play a major role in the pathogenesis. The clinical evaluation with a thorough medical history (including medication use) and a good clinical evaluation is still the basis of good clinical care. Technical investigations may help in the diagnosis but should be planned and interpreted with care. Therapeutic options are available, however often with limited evidence on their effectiveness. Patient care and decision making should involve a multidisciplinary team of different medical (neurologist, pulmonologist, gastro enterologist, orthopedic surgeon) and paramedical expertise (physiotherapist, social worker, psychologist, nurse specialist). Additionally, parents and/or caregivers should be actively involved in decision making.
Reductions in acute medication use and healthcare resource utilization in patients with chronic migraine: a secondary analysis of a phase 3, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of galcanezumab with open-label extension (REGAIN)
Published in Journal of Medical Economics, 2022
Joshua A. Tobin, Shivang Joshi, Janet H. Ford, Russell M. Nichols, Shonda A. Foster, Dustin Ruff, Holland C. Detke, Sheena K. Aurora
The findings described herein indicate that in addition to significant and clinically meaningful reductions in migraine headache days29, galcanezumab also reduces acute medication use and medication overuse in patients with chronic migraine. Galcanezumab treatment was also associated with reductions in HCRU over 1 year. Clinicians are in need of preventive treatments that are effective, safe, and tolerable for this debilitating neurological disease. When ineffectively treated, this patient population is at great risk of developing medication overuse headache with substantial additional burden, including poor health-related quality of life, severe headache-related disability, and higher direct and indirect costs17,44,45. Overall, this research indicates that galcanezumab is a suitable treatment option for clinicians to consider when treating patients with chronic migraine and has the potential to reduce utilization of healthcare services and acute headache medications.
The pharmacotherapeutics of sarcoidosis
Published in Expert Review of Clinical Pharmacology, 2022
Patrick Mangialardi, Richart Harper, Timothy E Albertson
There are a few organ systems that almost uniformly prompt early initiation of aggressive immunosuppression. This includes cardiac disease and neurologic disease with a few exceptions. The presence of reduced left ventricular function or ventricular tachycardia are clear indicators for consideration of immediate initiation of and a prolonged course of immunotherapy. Often in these patients, the insertion of an intracardiac device such as a pacemaker or pacemaker/defibrillator is performed and has been shown to reduce the risk of organ failure. However, this would be done in conjunction with continued immunosuppressive therapy. Nervous system involvement similarly warrants immediate treatment for most patients. This would include patients with sarcoid central nervous system masses or spinal lesions. The one common exception would be isolated seventh cranial nerve involvement, which has been shown to be self-limited in most, if not all, cases. Similarly, the presence of pulmonary hypertension suggests a disease course that is chronic and unlikely to remit spontaneously. In addition to immunosuppressive therapy, these patients benefit by joint management with a pulmonary hypertension specialist.