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Published in Terence R. Anthoney, Neuroanatomy and the Neurologic Exam, 2017
As another likely example, Bannister states that “In the case of incomplete lesions [of individual peripheral nerves], which are commonly encountered in medical neurology, dysaesthesiae such as numbness and tingling are commonly experienced in the distribution of the affected nerve.” (1985, p. 118)At least one apparent inconsistency in this regard was also found. Adams and Victor (1985) define a dysesthesia as “induced by a stimulus” on p. 123. On p. 126.however, they describe “thalamic pain” as"spontaneous” in their discussion of the Dejerine-Roussy syndrome; and. on p. 999. they describe the severe pain of causalgia as “persistent.” The inconsistency becomes evident upon reading their following statement:“… the patient’s description of pain in these several neurologic disorders [including causalgia and the Dejerine-Roussy syndrome] … is more varied and extravagant than in other pain syndromes, probably because the pain is really a dysesthesia combined with sensations of pressure, hotness, coldness, etc.” (p. 110)
Introduction to brain damage part two
Published in Barbara A. Wilson, Samira Kashinath Dhamapurkar, Anita Rose, Surviving Brain Damage After Assault, 2016
Barbara A. Wilson, Samira Kashinath Dhamapurkar, Anita Rose
This is the processing centre of the cerebral cortex and co-ordinates and regulates all functional activity of the cortex via the integration of the input of information to the brain. It does not, however, process olfactory input. The thalamus also contributes to emotional expression. Damage to this area can produce altered states of consciousness, loss of perception and a condition called thalamic syndrome, also known as Dejerine–Roussy syndrome, in which the individual can experience spontaneous pain on the opposite side of the body from the location of the brain damage. No personal accounts of people suffering from this could be found, although damage to the thalamus is frequently seen after stroke and encephalitis. Kate, mentioned earlier, had damage to both thalami (Menon et al., 1998). Kate had no major cognitive deficits, but some people may have memory, attention and executive problems (Van der Werf et al., 2003). A recent book about the thalamus is by Douglas (2014).
Developments in treating the nonmotor symptoms of stroke
Published in Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics, 2020
Pain is most common in the chronic stage of recovery from stroke, often due to spasticity, malaligned joints, or shortened muscles. In one study of nearly 500 patients, the mean prevalence of pain after a stroke at all stages was 30%, but varied by time point after stroke: 14% in the acute stage, 43% in the subacute stage, and 32% in the chronic stage, although different types of pain showed distinct time courses [87]. Post-stroke shoulder pain occurs in 50% to 80% of all individuals who have persistent upper extremity motor deficit [88]. Central pain syndromes occur in 1–12% of stroke survivors, and can be caused by altered sensitivity to somatic stimuli [87]. One type of central pain, thalamic pain syndrome, also known as Dejerine–Roussy syndrome, is a very severe type of neuropathic pain that occurs on the contralesional side after thalamic or internal capsule stroke [89].
Gabrielle Lévy and the Roussy-Lévy syndrome
Published in Journal of the History of the Neurosciences, 2018
Gustave Roussy (1874–1948), 12 years Lévy’s senior and of Huguenot descent, was born in Switzerland (Vevey; Poirier & Chrétien, 2000; Nezelof & Contesso, 1999). He studied medicine at the University of Geneva and then went to Paris, where he worked with Pierre Marie and Joseph-Jules Dejerine, who became professor of neurology at the Salpêtrière in 1911 until his death in 1917, when he was succeeded by Marie.24Like Gustave Roussy, Joseph-Jules Dejerine was also born in Switzerland. Roussy wrote his thesis (1907) on the thalamic syndrome (that became known by the term Dejerine-Roussy syndrome; Roussy, 1907), publishing an article with Dejerine on the subject in the Revue Neurologique the previous year (Dejerine & Roussy, 1906). After French naturalization, he became professor of pathology in 1910 and head of Paul-Brousse Hospital (1913). During World War I, he served at the Army Neurological Centre (of the eighth region at Besançon; Walusinski et al. 2016) and collaborated on several books on war psychoneurosis (Tatu et al., 2010; Walusinski, 2013). He became full professor of pathology in 1925, the year in which Lévy became associate physician at the Paul-Brousse Hospital. However, they may have cooperated earlier, during the time that she was assistant at the pathology department (1923–1926) at the Salpêtrière. Their first joint article—“A Case of Acquired Bilateral Athetosis with Visual Aura as Jacksonian Crises”—appeared in 1924 (Roussy & Lévy, 1924). Although Roussy did important neurological work, his main merit was his investigation of cancer.25The Gustave Roussy Institute at Villejuif, Paris, became a famous cancer center.