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Psychotherapy and Psychological Aspects of Recovery from Brain Injury
Published in Mark R. Lovell, Ruben J. Echemendia, Jeffrey T. Barth, Michael W. Collins, Traumatic Brain Injury in Sports, 2020
No discussion of treatment strategies would be complete without consideration of the adage that an ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure. At present, there is no cure for brain injury but there are ways in which its occurrence can be prevented. While strategies to reduce the occurrence of concussion are critical, consideration must also be given to minimizing iatrogenic factors once injury has occurred.
Acquired brain injury and families
Published in Jo Clark-Wilson, Mark Holloway, Family Experience of Brain Injury, 2019
Jo Clark-Wilson, Mark Holloway
Brain injury can result in complex presentations of fatigue, pain, sensory and physical impairments, language difficulties, cognitive and emotional disorders, and personality changes. Slowness in processing information, difficulties in concentration, recalling information, problem-solving and decision-making; and behaviour changes, for instance, irritability, impulsivity, rigidity of thinking, unpredictability, social disinhibition and aggression, may all be subtle (or not so subtle) signs of a brain injury.
Assessment of CNS Function: Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism
Published in Richard A. Jonas, Jane W. Newburger, Joseph J. Volpe, John W. Kirklin, Brain Injury and Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, 2019
The recovery of cerebral metabolism may reflect the quality of cerebral protection during CPB and TCA. Using this technique, potential mechanisms for brain injury have been identified and effective protection strategies developed. Some of our current work suggests that measures of cerebral venous lactate and cerebral venous saturation provide data which is similar to metabolic recovery data and are helpful in measuring the patient’s response to an event such as cooling or rewarming. Measurements of jugular venous lactate or jugular venous saturation are easily obtained in the clinical setting through the use of a jugular venous bulb catheter. Online monitoring of jugular venous oxyhemoglobin saturation is possible using commercially available oximeter catheters. However, current catheters frequently contact the wall of the jugular bulb and must be frequently recalibrated and repositioned.18,19
Comparison of self-reported lifetime concussions and mild traumatic brain injuries among adults
Published in Brain Injury, 2023
Jill Daugherty, Kelly Sarmiento, Matthew Breiding
Respondents were randomly assigned to receive one of two questions: A concussion can happen anytime a blow to the head causes you to have one or more symptoms, whether just for a short time or lasting a while. Symptoms include: blurred or double vision, being bothered by light or noise, headaches, dizziness or balance problems, nausea, vomiting, trouble sleeping, feeling tired, being dazed or confused, trouble remembering, trouble concentrating, or being knocked out. In your lifetime, do you believe that you have ever had a concussion?A mild traumatic brain injury can happen anytime a blow to the head causes you to have one or more symptoms, whether just for a short time or lasting a while. Symptoms include: blurred or double vision, being bothered by light or noise, headaches, dizziness or balance problems, nausea, vomiting, trouble sleeping, feeling tired, being dazed or confused, trouble remembering, trouble concentrating, or being knocked out. In your lifetime, do you believe that you have ever had a mild traumatic brain injury?
Collegiate athletes opinions regarding helmet use while riding scooters or mopeds.
Published in Journal of American College Health, 2022
Luci Olewinski, M. Alison Brooks, John Wilson, R. Eric Heidel, Andrew Watson
Previous studies have established that helmet use reduces the risk of brain injury.4,6–8 Many have focused on the use of helmets in motorcyclists, however, who often travel at faster speeds on major roads for longer distances.7,9 There is overwhelming evidence that helmeted motorcyclists are at lower risk of injury, death, and disability, without an increase in spinal cord injuries10,11 or risk taking12 compared to non-helmeted motorcyclists. A reduction in the risk and severity of injury with helmet use has also been shown in users of scooters and mopeds.4 After implementation of a universal helmet law for scooter operators and passengers in Italy, their risk of head injuries was reduced by 21% in the following three months (RR 0.79; 95% CI:0.68–0.90) and by 67% in the following 6–9 months (RR 0.33; 95% CI: 0.19–0.48).8 There is no evidence that helmet use on scooters or mopeds increases the risk of cervical spine injury.6
The inter-relationship between acquired brain injury, substance use and homelessness; the impact of adverse childhood experiences: an interpretative phenomenological analysis study
Published in Disability and Rehabilitation, 2021
Christian D. Adshead, Alyson Norman, Mark Holloway
In 2016–2017, approximately 350 000 people were admitted to hospital with an Acquired Brain Injury (ABI), which equates to approximately 530 people per 100 000 of the general population of the United Kingdom [1]. Specifically, ABIs are caused by, but not limited to; strokes, lack of oxygen to the brain, or blows to the head [2]. The latter is more commonly known as a traumatic brain injury (TBI). The most common causes of TBI are road traffic accidents, falls, sporting injuries, violence and violent physical child abuse [2]. Brain injuries, may have serious consequences in terms of impairments to physical, mental, cognitive, emotional and social functioning. While some or all of these impairments may be present in a survivor, and the symptoms may be readily observed, more often they are subtle and can go undetected [3]. Consequences of brain injury can include hemiplegia and epilepsy, anxiety and depression, executive dysfunction and cognitive difficulties, and personality change [2]. In addition to direct consequences, individuals may also experience psychosocial issues such as unemployment, social isolation, relationship breakdown, substance use and potentially homelessness, as individuals struggle to manage and come to terms with the functional impact of their injuries [4–7].