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Intracranial Cysts
Published in Amar Bhide, Asma Khalil, Aris T Papageorghiou, Susana Pereira, Shanthi Sairam, Basky Thilaganathan, Problem-Based Obstetric Ultrasound, 2019
Amar Bhide, Asma Khalil, Aris T Papageorghiou, Susana Pereira, Shanthi Sairam, Basky Thilaganathan
Porencephalic cysts are destructive (clastic) lesions—they commonly communicate with the ventricle due to destruction of white matter. They are often due to brain hemorrhage and do not show a mass effect.
Principles and theories
Published in Emily Ying Yang Chan, Disaster Public Health and Older People, 2019
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are diseases that do not pass between living beings or humans and hence are not communicable in nature. Although NCDs can be both acute and chronic, many are chronic in nature. There are a range of NCDs, but they share some common characteristics. An NCD i) does not transmit between persons; ii) tends to progress slowly and may lead to chronic or permanent illness; iii) may be influenced by multiple risk factors; iv) may cause restrictions to physical and mental functions and daily activities; v) might require continuous and/or permanent life-sustaining medical treatments, such as daily medication or kidney dialysis; vi) requires a range of health services and support, such as prevention, treatment, rehabilitation and palliative care; vii) may cause acute complications, such as brain haemorrhage from uncontrolled high blood pressure; and viii) increases household health expenditure due to continuous medical costs.
The Epidemiology Of Germinal Matrix/ Intraventricular Hemorrhage *
Published in Michele Kiely, Reproductive and Perinatal Epidemiology, 2019
Nigel Paneth, Jennifer Pinto-Martin
The first reports of CT scan imaging of neonatal brain hemorrhage appeared in the late 1970s.36, 48, 51 The most influential of these papers was that of Papile et al. because it was the first to systematically scan an unselected series of VLBW infants.36 Their finding that 43% of study infants had GM/IVH, which was asymptomatic in the great majority of survivors, awakened great interest in the neonatal community.
Intraoperative AIRO mobile computer tomography in frameless stereotactic procedures
Published in British Journal of Neurosurgery, 2022
Marco Riva, Umberto A. Arcidiacono, Matteo Gambaretti, Lorenzo G. Gay, Tommaso Sciortino, Marco Rossi, Marco Conti Nibali, Lorenzo Bello
The patient’s safety can also be enhanced since a fast recognition of post-surgical complications, such as bleeding, is feasible, allowing the surgeon to convert the procedure immediately, preventing further complications due to further bleeding and, ultimately, an increased intracranial pressure. Although rare as a complication during brain biopsies,1,2 we experienced this later issue in the current limited cohort (Figure 2), where, upon the clinical suspicion of bleeding from the bioptic needle, we could perform an intraoperative CT scan in the order of minutes, while holding the surgical position of the head, to promptly diagnosis a brain haemorrhage. This case exemplified the potential utility for complication detection and prompt management of the AIRO-CT
Aducanumab and adenoviral COVID-19 vaccines: increased cerebral hemorrhage risk?
Published in Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics, 2022
ArunSundar MohanaSundaram, Shanmugarajan Thukani Sathanantham, Lukas Sveikata, Rakesh Shyam Lalla, Renata Sveikatienė, Ajeet Kaushik, Ravichandiran Velayutham
Alzheimer’s patients under aducanumab therapy are at higher risk of a brain hemorrhage. First, AD very often co-occurs with cerebral amyloid angiopathy that causes vascular accumulation of β-amyloid, causing perivascular inflammation, vessel leakage, rupture, and intracranial hemorrhage [10]. Second, aducanumab therapy is associated with a high rate of microhemorrhages (ARIA-H) [2, 9]. Both mechanisms may have an additive effect on brain hemorrhage risk. Similar to humans, murine models experience microhemorrhages in an age-related fashion and are a valuable source for studying mechanisms related to microhemorrhages [20,21]. In murine studies, intravenous administration of ch12F6A, a chimeric version of aducanumab, was found to provoke cerebrovascular inflammation, thrombosis, and cerebral hemorrhage [11].
Hemorrhagic encephalitis in a patient with neuromyelitis optica: A case report
Published in The Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine, 2021
Qin Du, Hongxi Chen, Ziyan Shi, Ying Zhang, Jiancheng Wang, Hongyu Zhou
Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is an autoimmune demyelination disease that mainly affects the central nervous system (CNS), and the optic nerves and spinal cord are frequently involved.1 Approximately 50% of NMO cases involve brain damage, with manifestations such as headache, nausea, vomiting, diplopia, narcolepsy, intractable hiccup, disturbance of consciousness, and advanced cortical hypofunction. Conversely, some patients with NMO are clinically asymptomatic.2 Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings are as follows: 1) lesions in the medulla oblongata, especially in the area postrema adjacent to the upper cervical spinal cord; 2) lesions in the thalamus, hypothalamus, or periependymal surfaces of the third or fourth ventricle; 3) large, confluent subcortical lesions in the deep white matter; 4) long corticospinal tract lesions in the internal capsule and cerebral peduncle; 5) long, diffuse, heterogeneous, or edematous lesions in the corpus callosum; and 6) contrast-enhanced extensive periependymal lesions following gadolinium injection.3 However, lesions resulting in brain hemorrhage are rarely observed. Herein, we report a case of a patient with clinically diagnosed NMO who also developed hemorrhagic encephalitis during the course of the disease.