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Sex-related functional asymmetry of the amygdala: Preliminary evidence using a case-matched lesion approach
Published in Howard J. Rosen, Robert W. Levenson, Neurocase, 2020
Daniel Tranel, Antoine Bechara
The participants were four patients with unilateral amygdala damage caused by anterior temporal lobectomy for pharmacoresistant epilepsy. Two of the patients were men, one with a left amygdala lesion and one with a right amygdala lesion, and two of the patients were women, one with a left amygdala lesion and one with a right amygdala lesion. The four patients were drawn from the Patient Registry of the Division of Behavioral Neurology and Cognitive Neuroscience at the University of Iowa. Under the auspices of their enrollment in the Registry, the patients have been fully characterized neuroanatomically and neuropsychologically, according to standard protocols in our laboratory (Frank, Damasio, & Grabowski, 1997; Tranel, 2008). The participants completed the experimental procedures described below in the chronic epoch of recovery (see below), and a sufficient amount of time had passed since lesion onset to allow for changes in social and emotional processing to become manifest.
The Limbic System
Published in Jay A. Goldstein, Chronic Fatigue Syndromes, 2020
The neuroscientist who has most influenced me in the development of my thinking about the limbic system is M-Marsel Mesulam, MD, whose book, Principles of Behavioral Neurology, Philadelphia: F.A. Davis, 1985, I heartily recommend. Much of the rest of this chapter will draw on his work. Other works of interest include: Reynolds EH, Trimble MR. The Bridge Between Neurology and Psychiatry. Churchill Livingstone, 1989.Joseph R. Neurology, Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Neurology. New York, Plenum Press, 1990.Fuster JM. The Prefrontal Cortex: Anatomy, Physiology and Neuropsychology of the Frontal Lobe, 2nd edition. New York, Raven Press, 1989.Lishman WA. Organic Psychiatry: The Psychological Consequences of Cerebral Disorder, 2nd edition. Oxford, Blackwell, 1987.
Birth
Published in Rudi Coetzer, The Notebook of a New Clinical Neuropsychologist, 2017
To perform a responsible job one needs the right tools. This is no different for a scientist-practitioner. The tool for eliciting and structuring patients’ stories through the process of the clinical interview is the glue that holds everything together. It is not a particularly difficult algorithm, or recipe, to learn. Provided we accept its imperfections, and that it requires practice. The bedside assessment in clinical neuropsychology shares several similarities with the same process used in behavioural neurology and neuropsychiatry. No wonder the universal language of applied clinical neuroscience is composed of a few ‘dialects’, by profession, but with the main version of the language remaining the common thread through all these disciplines. In this world of the hospital the rule of membership is simple: no language proficiency – no citizenship. Learning the skills underpinning clinical assessment has many benefits for testing hypotheses and developing diagnostic formulations, but one is often overlooked. It is that this is also the structure, although much more compressed and focused on the ‘highlights’ of a specific case, of the basic process of presenting during ward rounds, writing case reports or engaging in case-based academic teaching. Let’s now take a slight detour to have a closer look at the broad approach of how to perform and structure assessments. Remember that the case vignettes in the remainder of this book will follow the same structure.
The Marcus Institute for Brain Health: an integrated practice unit for the care of traumatic brain injury in military veterans
Published in Brain Injury, 2021
Catharine H. Johnston-Brooks, Riley P. Grassmeyer, Christopher M. Filley, James P. Kelly
A key component of the evaluation week is a thorough neurobehavioral assessment conducted by a behavioral neurologist, or general neurologist with ready access to the subspecialist. Building on the patient’s history obtained from extensive medical record review and the information gathered from the fishbowl, this assessment begins with additional history-taking to clarify clinical data. Then follows a complete neurological examination, including detailed mental status testing. The clinical impression obtained from this evaluation is then considered together with the other assessments completed during the week, contributing to the final group decision about the suitability of the patient for the IOP. The role of behavioral neurology during the IOP involves regular medical contact with the patients as they receive treatment from all the MIBH professionals involved in interdisciplinary care. In addition, behavioral neurology expertise is available throughout the week for prompt consultation on any medical issue that may arise, including the supervision of any medical care that may be required, either within the MIBH or in the University of Colorado Health system at the Anschutz Medical Campus.
Beyond Epilepsy: How Can Quantitative Electroencephalography Improve Conventional Electroencephalography Findings? A Systematic Review of Comparative EEG Studies
Published in The Neurodiagnostic Journal, 2018
Cassio Henrique Taques Martins, Catarina De Marchi Assunção
Electrical neuroimaging of patients presenting with sometimes clinically distinct behavioral problems confirmed the usefulness of this technique in behavioral neurology. Other studies have previously described characteristic QEEG signatures for depression patients, where alpha band frontal asymmetry was frequently found (Seagrave et al. 2011). Also, elevated beta power was found in patients with anxiety as well as chronic headaches (Budzynski et al. 2009; Walker 2011). Individuals diagnosed with autistic disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder have characteristic QEEG findings that were described in depth by other studies (Di Michele et al. 2005; Arns et al., 2008; Coben et al. 2008; Fonseca et al. 2008; Pop-Jordanova et al. 2010; Lansbergen et al. 2011).
Phantom Phenomena—An Introduction to “Phantom Penis: Extrapolating Neuroscience and Employing Imagination for Trans Male Sexual Embodiment”
Published in Studies in Gender and Sexuality, 2020
Paul D. McGeoch, V. S. Ramachandran
Indeed, the history of behavioral neurology makes clear that we have learned much more about how the brain works through careful examination of single cases, or small numbers of subjects, than through statistical analyses of large populations, and that listening to and trying to understand subjective reports is often the first step in that process. Several of our other studies on body image further illustrate this. Thus, for instance, together with David Brang we studied a group of men who had the desire to amputate a healthy limb. Now, to be clear, this is not a nebulous desire to be an amputee, but rather a strong desire to have a specific limb, most often a left leg, amputated at a specific level (Brang et al., 2008; McGeoch et al., 2011).