China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Two-Dimensional Nanomaterials for Drug Delivery in Regenerative Medicine
Published in Harishkumar Madhyastha, Durgesh Nandini Chauhan, Nanopharmaceuticals in Regenerative Medicine, 2022
Zahra Mohammadpour, Seyed Morteza Naghib
Graphene-based nanomaterials have the capacity as functional platforms for culturing muscle cells. Myogenic differentiation of C2C12 cells on GO and rGO was studied by Ku et al. (Ku and Park 2013). A comparative study among graphene derivatives was conducted based on biocompatibility, cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation. Both nanosheets were biocompatible and induced myotube formation. However, quantitative analysis of the immunofluorescence data for myosin heavy chain (MHC) and myogenin confirmed that myogenic differentiation was better on the surface of GO. Higher expressions of MyoD, myogenin, Troponin T, and MHC genes for the cells that were grown on the GO surface were also observed. The effect was ascribed to nanotopography and, more importantly, the surface oxygen content of GO that promoted the adsorption of serum proteins. GO has also been integrated into alginate for the encapsulation of muscle cells (Ciriza et al. 2015). At the optimum concentration of GO, the cell viability and metabolic activity of microencapsulated muscle cells increased.
Concavities of Crystalline Sintered Hydroxyapatite-Based Macroporous Bioreactors Initiate the Spontaneous Induction of Bone Formation
Published in Ugo Ripamonti, The Geometric Induction of Bone Formation, 2020
To summarize the effect of the nanotopographical surface structure on cell differentiation towards the osteogenic phenotype, recent studies provided evidence that surface roughness induces osteoclast effects on osteoblastic cell differentiation in vitro (Zhang et al. 2018). The paper demonstrated the existence of a combinatorial effect of surface roughness, osteoclastogenesis and osteogenesis (Zhang et al. 2018). Of note, the conditioned media from osteoclasts cultured on smooth surfaces, which showed larger cells with active rings and more nuclei per osteoclast compared to osteoclasts cultured on rougher surfaces, significantly promoted the osteogenic differentiation of osteoblastic cells compared to conventional osteogenic media (Zhang et al. 2018). These results have once again indicated that surface roughness and nanotopography are critical factors regulating the induction of gene expression markers essential for the induction of bone formation to occur when initiated by calcium phosphate-based biomimetic matrices. (Klar et al. 2013; Zhang et al. 2018)
Dermal and Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems
Published in Tapash K. Ghosh, Dermal Drug Delivery, 2020
Kenneth A. Walters, Majella E. Lane
More recently, Walsh and colleagues (Walsh et al., 2015) investigated the influence of nanotopography on the transdermal delivery of etanercept (a 150kD protein tumor necrosis factor inhibitor). A standard microneedle array was compared to a microneedle array with a nanostructured coating, the latter was found to deliver 10.6-fold more etanercept through rabbit skin than the uncoated arrays over a 72-hour period. The authors showed that nanotopography enhanced the delivery of the protein by remodeling the epidermal tight junction proteins via down regulation of claudins-1 and -4. Although it has yet to be evaluated on human skin, this technology may prove to be extremely useful for delivering large molecules through the skin for systemic effect.
Graphene 2D platform is safe and cytocompatibile for HaCaT cells growing under static and dynamic conditions
Published in Nanotoxicology, 2022
Iwona Lasocka, Elzbieta Jastrzębska, Agnieszka Zuchowska, Ewa Skibniewska, M. Skibniewski, Lidia Szulc-Dąbrowska, Iwona Pasternak, Jakub Sitek, Marie Hubalek Kalbacova
The proper characteristics of the research material – graphene – is the key to explain its interaction with cells, because each change in its structure and method of its production, influence its interaction with cells, tissues and consequently, organism (Salesa et al. 2022). The graphene used in this study covers the surface of the glass coverslip, therefore it is a kind of a scaffold (cultivation platform) for keratinocytes, on which they could move and sense its topography. Graphene as a coating material was also used for conductive support for neurons (Capasso et al. 2021) and for mesenchymal stem cells differentiation (Kalbacova et al. 2010). So its great potential can be used in the culture of various cells, stimulating them through nanotopography, but also its other properties like high thermal and electrical conductivity, high resistance, high elasticity and flexibility, high hardness and its transparency.
Influence of saliva interaction on surface properties manufactured for rapid osseointegration in dental implants
Published in Biofouling, 2021
Marcel F. Kunrath, Roberto Hubler, Raquel M. Silva, Marlene Barros, Eduardo R. Teixeira, André Correia
Surfaces presenting a nanoporous topography similar to the Nano group have been said to present advantages in terms of cell adhesion and migration for hard/soft tissues, (Ehlert et al. 2020; Gulati et al. 2020) as well as antibacterial properties (Kunrath et al. 2020d). Furthermore, the results indicated that this nanotopography has not promoted saliva protein retention when compared with surfaces with higher roughness. Similarly, the crystalline anatase structure seen on the hydrophilic nanotextured surface after reactive plasma treatment (Kunrath et al. 2020c) has not been shown to enhance the adhesion of saliva proteins. Meanwhile, it is also known that reactive treatments could alter the physico-chemical interaction between implant functionalized surfaces and living tissues, which was demonstrated in other investigations applying different polarization on titanium surfaces (Gittens et al. 2013; Sun et al. 2018).
Injectable calcium phosphate scaffold with iron oxide nanoparticles to enhance osteogenesis via dental pulp stem cells
Published in Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology, 2018
Yang Xia, Huimin Chen, Feimin Zhang, Lin Wang, Bo Chen, Mark A. Reynolds, Junqing Ma, Abraham Schneider, Ning Gu, Hockin H. K. Xu
Our results excluded the effects from magnetism. We wanted to confirm that the main effects in enhancing cellular osteogenic differentiation were from the change in the microstructure and nanotopography of the CPC scaffold. The expression levels of osteopontin (OPN) gene were examined. The increased OPN expression on a nanotopographical structure should be higher than the increase in the OCN expression. This is because the dual role of OPN as a protein containing the pro-adhesive tripeptide motif-RGD, and as a calcium sequestering component of the extracellular matrix (ECM) [50]. Figure S7(f) showed a significant (almost six-fold) increase in OPN expression in γIONP-CPC and αIONP-CPC, compared to CPC control (p < .01). This was greater than the OCN expression in Figure 4(d), with a four-fold increase. These data indicated that the nanotopography indeed played a main role.