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Noninvasive Photonic Sensing of Glucose in Bloodstream
Published in Andrey V. Dunaev, Valery V. Tuchin, Biomedical Photonics for Diabetes Research, 2023
Currently, the most common way to measure glucose is by pricking a finger and applying the blood droplet to a strip that is inserted into a glucometer. The flux of the glucose reaction generates an electrical signal, and the glucometer corresponds to the strength of the electrical current.
Cerebral
Published in Keith Hopcroft, Vincent Forte, Symptom Sorter, 2020
The GP’s use of investigations will depend on the clinical situation. If hallucinations are part of an acute confusional state, particularly in adults, admission is likely to be required and will result in a battery of tests to check, for example, for sources of fever, hypoxia and metabolic disturbance. The following are investigations the GP might use in patients who do not require admission or who are not presenting acutely. Urinalysis: very useful in the acute situation, particularly in the elderly. May reveal UTI or hyperglycaemic ketotic state or severe dehydration.Pulse oximeter: to detect hypoxia.Glucometer blood glucose: in a known diabetic or if any glycosuria.FBC and LFT: raised MCV and abnormal LFT suggest chronic alcohol excess.U&E: may reveal electrolyte disturbance as underlying cause.EEG: may suggest diagnosis of temporal lobe epilepsy or narcolepsy.CT scan: the definitive test for a cerebral space-occupying lesion.
Orthomolecular Approaches for the Use of Intravenous Vitamin C
Published in Qi Chen, Margreet C.M. Vissers, Cancer and Vitamin C, 2020
A warning to all—do not treat the post-IVC fingerstick glucometer reading as elevated glucose to be treated by insulin injection. This will result in hypoglycemia. If a concern for elevated glucose exists around the time of IVC infusion, the patient must have a conventional blood draw in the lab to get an accurate glucose level. The conventional blood test in the lab will not confuse vitamin C with glucose as occurs with the fingerstick glucometer method because of differences in the assay method.
Acetaminophen interference with Nova StatStrip® Glucose Meter: case report with bench top confirmation
Published in Clinical Toxicology, 2020
James A. Chenoweth, Luke T. Dang, Guofeng Gao, Nam K. Tran
This case represents a clinical scenario that is frequently seen by clinicians given the common occurrence of acetaminophen toxicity although, in many overdoses, acetaminophen levels may not reach the levels seen here. Significantly elevated levels could also be observed transiently in the distribution phase following an acetaminophen overdose. Accurate POC glucose monitoring has been shown to be critical in clinical scenarios where tight glycemic control is needed, such as pediatric burns. In these situations, meter interference has been noted to result in increased risk of hypoglycemic events [10]. Clinicians should be aware that POC glucometers (including the StatStrip® Glucose meter) may not provide robust results under these circumstances and should utilize alternative instruments to guide clinical decision making if interference is suspected.
Evaluation of the accuracy of visual glucose estimates by healthcare providers and patients at Kalafong Hospital, City of Tshwane, South Africa
Published in Journal of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes of South Africa, 2020
Simbarashe B Mhishi, Danie G van Zyl
A similar study by Essack in 2009,1 in which five glucometers were compared, was performed in South Africa. In their study, across glucometers proportional bias was observed as the blood glucose increased, a trend this study observed. Essack's study showed differences in blood glucose measures across devices, differences this study also noted between estimates by patients and healthcare professionals. The accuracy of the measures was judged on the ISO guidelines, which stipulate that, at most, the blood glucose measures should be within approximately 20% of the true value. For this study, 33.3% of patient estimates, and 47.2% of estimates by healthcare professionals, complied with these guidelines. This meant visual estimates were consistently higher than the true value, a finding consistent with a positive bias for all visual estimates.
The Effect of Added Peanut Butter on the Glycemic Response to a High–Glycemic Index Meal: A Pilot Study
Published in Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 2019
Lesley N. Lilly, Cynthia J. Heiss, Sofia F. Maragoudakis, Kelli L. Braden, Scott E. Smith
Participants were trained on the use of glucometers (FreeStyle Lite, Abbott Diabetes Care, Inc.) prior to data collection. Glucometers were calibrated with a test solution prior to data collection. Participants measured their own BG, supervised by investigators who verified values before entering on data sheets. The percentage coefficient of variation for a random selection of the glucometers used was <1%. The measurement included wiping a finger with an alcohol pad and then allowing the finger to dry. A glucose test trip was inserted into the glucometer. A lance was then used to prick the finger for a small drop of blood, and the test strip was placed at the site of the blood drop for determination of BG level. The finger was then wiped again with the alcohol pad. Glucometers were numbered, and the participants used the same glucometer for each day of data collection. The participants measured their BG levels using the glucometer twice for each time point. If the two measures were not within 10 mg/dL they measured a third time. The two closest values were averaged for the value used in data analysis.