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Gloves
Published in Robert N. Phalen, Howard I. Maibach, Protective Gloves for Occupational Use, 2023
Marie-Noëlle Crépy, Pierre Hoerner
CSM offers very high resistance to ozone and other oxidizing chemicals, as well as acids and alkalis. It also withstands abrasion. It is often used in gloveboxes and sometimes in connection with other polymers such as TPU.9
Properly Relating Radiation Protection Requirements to Relative Radiotoxicity and Risk *
Published in Kenneth L. Miller, Handbook of Management of Radiation Protection Programs, 2020
Cember does provide some guidance related to radioactivity units in that he suggests that if it is possible to release to the atmosphere between one and ten times the maximum recommended body burden (the “maximum permissible body burden” [MPBB] of ICRP21), then “the…usual practice is to use a ventilated hood.” He also suggests that if the operation is potentially capable of releasing more than ten times the maximum recommended body burden, or when the large quantities of air required by a hood are not available, then a glove box is used. However, the source of these recommendations is not cited. Also, relative MPBBs are not proportional to the single or continuous intakes representing given annual internal dose commitment limits, and are thus not consistently related to protective measures for preventing internal exposure.21–23 However, his recommendations would be conservative in the direction of safety, but the safety factors would be orders of magnitude larger for the least radiotoxic nuclides than for those likely to be most hazardous per unit radioactivity in process.
Radiological incidents and emergencies
Published in Alan Martin, Sam Harbison, Karen Beach, Peter Cole, An Introduction to Radiation Protection, 2018
Alan Martin, Sam Harbison, Karen Beach, Peter Cole
A release of radioactivity can also result from a failure of services such as ventilation or electrical supplies. Glove boxes can pose a particular problem in this respect. A glove box is normally operated at a pressure slightly below atmospheric, which means that leakage tends to be in rather than out. If some failure causes the box to pressurize, outward leakage may occur or, more seriously, a glove or panel may be blown out resulting in a release. Specific attention needs to be paid to such possibilities in the design in order to minimize their chances of occurring and there should be pre-planned procedures for dealing with them.
Infravec2 guidelines for the design and operation of containment level 2 and 3 insectaries in Europe
Published in Pathogens and Global Health, 2023
Emilie Pondeville, Anna-Bella Failloux, Frederic Simard, Petr Volf, Andrea Crisanti, Roya Elaine Haghighat-Khah, Núria Busquets, Francesc Xavier Abad, Anthony J Wilson, Romeo Bellini, Sarah Marsh Arnaud, Alain Kohl, Eva Veronesi
For adult mosquito manipulation, insects can be anesthetized in their primary container in a fridge for 10–20 minutes and then transferred on a Petri dish placed on an ice bucket. Aspiration of flying and infected mosquitoes should be avoided to decrease escape risk. However, for infection with some pathogens such as Plasmodium falciparum, recently engorged mosquitoes should not be cold-anesthetized to select blood-fed females as infections could be impacted. Here, mosquitoes are fed in a cage and non-blood-fed mosquitoes are removed after the blood meal using a small electric aspirator [12]. Note that CO2 may be the only effective option to anesthetize some mosquito species originating from cold and temperate regions. Gloveboxes, which are sealed containers allowing users to place their hands into the gloves and perform tasks inside the box without breaking containment (Figure 6), are generally a good preventive measure to contain and avoid escapes of infected or presumably infected mosquitoes or other flying arthropods during procedures that require manipulation outside of primary containment. When using a glove box, the primary container should be placed on an ice bucket to move it between the fridge and the glove box to avoid mosquitoes waking up during the process.
Natural mineral fibers: conducting inhalation toxicology studies—part B: development of a nose-only exposure system for repeat-exposure in vivo study of Libby amphibole aerosol
Published in Inhalation Toxicology, 2023
Anbo Wang, Amit Gupta, Michael D. Grimm, David T. Pressburger, Barney R. Sparrow, Jamie S. Richey, John R. Shaw, Karen E. Elsass, Georgia K. Roberts, Pei-Li Yao, Matthew D. Stout, Benjamin J. Ellis, Robyn L. Ray
A series of engineering controls was included in the exposure system design for laboratory health and safety. The primary engineering control was to use local exhaust ventilation systems. A glovebox was used to contain the aerosol generation system, which was maintained at negative pressure to prevent potential release of LA 2007 fibers from the glovebox. The pressure in the glovebox was monitored and the aerosol generator would be automatically shut down (with audible alarm) in case of a glovebox leak.
Regulatory implementation of the occupational equivalent dose limit for the lens of the eye and underlying relevant efforts in Japan
Published in International Journal of Radiation Biology, 2023
Sumi Yokoyama, Nobuyuki Hamada, Norio Tsujimura, Naoki Kunugita, Kazutaka Nishida, Iwao Ezaki, Masahiro Kato, Hideki Okubo
The aforementioned studies led to the following conclusions: (1) Lens dosimetry with the current neck dosimeters should be continued in the routine operation; (2) For work where the lens dose may exceed the dose control level (described below), lens dosimeters should be worn close to the eye for more accurate dosimetry in addition to an ordinary combination of chest and neck dosimeters. In the latter case, the radiation control section recommends using protective eyewear during the work planning so that the lens dosimeter is generally used with protective eyewear. Here, the lens dosimeter reading is registered as the individual lens dose of record instead of the neck dosimeter reading. For reference, since the lens dosimeter is expected to be also used in a work environment dominated by high-energy photons, such as at a reprocessing plant, its dose evaluation is based on the calibration using 137Cs γ-rays. The dose control level is a constraint established at a level below the dose limits to administratively control and help reduce the exposure and corresponds to the term ‘dose management criterion’ recommended in the JHPS guidelines (JHPS 2020). The control dose level for the additional use of the lens dosimeter was set at 3.7 mSv/3 months (=15 mSv/year, equivalent to 75% of the annual dose limit), but, only for some sections with potential exposure to relatively high doses, at 9 mSv/3 months and 15 mSv/year for flexibility. These figures will be revised based on future exposure situations. Since FY2021 (upon regulatory implementation of the new occupational lens dose limit), the number of workers using the lens dosimeter has been about 20 per month, corresponding to about 10% of those with chest and neck dosimeters issued. The maximum annual lens dose for FY2021 was well below 15 mSv. The operation of the MOX fuel facilities will now move to the decommissioning phase. In order to further reduce radiation exposure and enhance the effectiveness of protective eyewear, additional shielding sheets are to be installed on the upper surface of the large gloveboxes at several processes in the facilities.