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Thermography by Specialty
Published in James Stewart Campbell, M. Nathaniel Mead, Human Medical Thermography, 2023
James Stewart Campbell, M. Nathaniel Mead
Endoscopic surgeries use insufflation of an inert gas into the body space where the surgery is to be performed – generally the abdomen – thus creating a non-flammable gas-filled cavity allowing visualization of the procedure by an endoscopic visual camera. Gasses used for endoscopic surgery include carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, helium, argon, nitrogen, and room air.245 Though CO2 and argon are known thermal insulators, the close quarters within a body cavity prevent gaseous attenuation of infrared radiation to any appreciable extent. Because a cavity insufflated for endoscopic surgery quickly takes on the core temperature, thermography cannot visualize infected or inflamed areas within the cavity as warmer than other tissues. Continuous insufflation of a cooled moist gas might theoretically allow endoscopic thermography to detect ischemic or inflamed tissues, but this has not been reported in studies.
Surgical exploration as the primary modality of treatment
Published in Seema Chopra, Endometriosis, 2020
Electrocoagulation using different techniques and electrodes leads to different voltage levels. Tissue damage with electrocoagulation techniques is usually deeper than with laser or plasma energy. The impact of energy on superficial tissue may be visible due to change of color; however, damage to deeper tissue is difficult to assess. Uncontrolled use can lead to damage to primordial follicles and destruction of structure and function of healthy ovarian tissue. Bipolar forceps—Used commonly at a setting of 25–40 W. Its penetration into the tissue can be up to the depth of 10–12 mm. It should be used for short coagulation time to minimize damage to ovarian tissue.Monopolar energy—Generally used at a power setting of 15–20 W in areas of fibrotic endometriotic tissue at the hilum.Argon beam coagulation—Effect on tissue is similar to monopolar coagulation, but it has benefit of using it over the wider superficial areas.
Lasers in Medicine: Healing with Light
Published in Suzanne Amador Kane, Boris A. Gelman, Introduction to Physics in Modern Medicine, 2020
Suzanne Amador Kane, Boris A. Gelman
Figure 3.2a shows an image of the thin pencil of light emitted from a red helium–neon laser, called a laser beam. Figure 3.2b shows an argon laser used in ophthalmological surgery. What you see in this figure is a box containing the optics, electronic circuitry, and power supply needed to generate the laser light. The laser light itself is inconspicuous in this picture since it is conveyed to an eye examination apparatus in a fiber optic cable. The physician controls the laser light using a foot pedal. Other controls on the laser's front panel allow for changing the laser's power and the time the patient is exposed to the laser beam.
An in-vitro analysis to evaluate the disinfection effectiveness of Cold Atmospheric Pressure (CAP) plasma jet in Enterococcus faecalis infected root canals
Published in Biomaterial Investigations in Dentistry, 2023
Pravin Kumar, P. Soundharrajan, Ram Prakash, Sarika Prabhakar Kombade, Pankaj Yadav, Ankita Chugh, Arun Kumar Patnana
In our present study, at 10 min of exposure time CAP Plasma jet showed maximum efficiency when compared to other time intervals, but did not result in complete elimination CFUs. The results of the current study contradict the previous reports which showed that 10 min of plasma exposure resulted in the complete elimination of E.Faecalis [18]. This could be due to differences in geometry and in the gases used in the two studies. Previous studies have used Helium/Argon with oxygen as working gases however in the current study Helium was used as the only working gas. He/O2 plasma was more effective than He plasma, due to the presence of more reactive oxygen species in He/O2 plasma. The lesser reduction in CFUs by the CAP Plasma jet used in the present study may be attributed to this lack of oxygen utilisation as part of its geometry. To improve the antibacterial effectiveness of the CAP Plasma jet modification in the following factors jet length, jet power, jet volume, and flow rate of the gases can be considered.
Analysis of risk factors for post-endoscopic papillectomy bleeding
Published in Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology, 2022
Ting-Ting Cui, Ning-Li Chai, Feng-Chun Cai, Ming-Yang Li, Xiang-Dong Wang, Nian-Jun Xiao, Zi-Kai Wang, Fang Liu, En-Qiang Ling-Hu, Wen Li
This may also explain that other standard techniques for endoscopic hemostasis (epinephrine injection, argon plasma coagulation) have a good hemostasis effect during the procedure but without a protective role in postoperative bleeding. Unfortunately, there are few comparable studies related to the prevention of bleeding after EP. Some retrospective evaluations found that endoscopic closure was a factor that reduced the risk of bleeding after endoscopic resection for the non-ampullary lesions [26,27]. However, the presence of pancreatic and bile duct inlet makes it impossible to achieve complete closure after EP like the above research, indeed, risking the induction of bleeding and severe perforation. Therefore, we evaluated the risk factors for bleeding after EP to identify more effective and reliable measures to prevent bleeding and, to our knowledge, this is the largest sample of such report. Our data demonstrate that endoscopic closure of mucosal defects after EP was the only independent protective factor related to postoperative bleeding.
Assessment of toxic metal ions in tea samples using new microextraction technique based on the solidified deep eutectic solvent followed by GFAAS
Published in Toxin Reviews, 2021
Toraj Ahmadi-Jouibari, Negar Noori, Nazir Fattahi
The experiments were performed using a Model nov AA 400 atomic absorption spectrometer (Analytik Jena AG, Jena, Germany), equipped with deuterium background correction, a transversely heated graphite tube atomizer and a MPE 60 auto-sampler. The optimized temperature programs for GFAAS are recommended in Table 1. Pyrolytic graphite coated graphite tubes with integrated PIN platform (Analytik Jena Part No. 407-A81.026) were used. Argon (99.999%) was purchased from Air Products (UK) as a purge and protective gas at a flow rate of 500 mL min−1 during all stages, except during atomization, when the flow was stopped. A Hettich Zentrifugen (EBA20, Tuttlingen, Germany) was used for centrifugation. The pH values were measured with a Metrohm pH meter (Model: 692, Herisau, Switzerland) supplied with a glass-combined electrode.