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Detection Assays and Techniques Against COVID-19
Published in Hanadi Talal Ahmedah, Muhammad Riaz, Sagheer Ahmed, Marius Alexandru Moga, The Covid-19 Pandemic, 2023
Shahzad Sharif, Maham Saeed, Javed Hussain Shah, Sajjad Hussain, Ahmad Adnan, Hanadi Talal Ahmedah, Muhammad Riaz
In POC setting a portable heating tool known as battery-powered was introduced for LAMP amplification. And hence biosensors are used for warning sensing systems to control the system to assist the government to take considerable steps initially to avoid infectious diseases spread. Biosensors have the ability for SARS-CoV2 detection in sewage. It has been known that sewage is a complicated mixture; recently, we have developed a paper-based tool that has exhibited the high value for the identification of pathogens in wastewaters. The obtained results were further cross-checked with an agarose gel image analysis and robust electrophoresis, exhibiting enhanced reliability for waste analysis. The advantages of the biosensor are rapid response, specificity, sensitivity, low cost, friendly usage of tools, and very friendly testing analysis. One of the most important advantages is SARS-CoV2 detection in waste in an early stage so that treatment is possible at early stages. It is because new research shows that it is also found in urine and stools, which then enter sewage treatment plants.
Conjugated Graphene Gold Nanocomposites for Cancer Therapy
Published in Devarajan Thangadurai, Saher Islam, Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji, Viral and Antiviral Nanomaterials, 2022
Zaira Zaman Chowdhury, Abu Nasser Faisal, Shahjalal Mohammad Shibly, Devarajan Thangadurai, Saher Islam, Jeyabalan Sangeetha
NPs have made significant advances in the science of biosensing, but between many of them, Gr/Au based sensors are being researched extensively owing to their synergistic impact of both Gr and AuNPs based constituents. Biosensors are often categorized according to their bio-receptor and transducer type (Kumar et al. 2015). Gr/Au based electro-chemical biosensors are the most prominent one. The following section discusses several types of Gr–Au based biosensors currently being designed and employed in cancer research. They are classified here according to the category of bio-receptor employed in assembly for convenience (Figure 16.3).
Supporting Medical Writers in the Twenty-First Century
Published in Michael J. Madson, Teaching Writing in the Health Professions, 2021
Rebecca Day Babcock, Jaanki Khandelwal, C. Erik Wilkinson, Chanaka Kahathuduwa, Natalia Schlabritz-Loutsevitch
Humanity is balancing on the edge of the fourth and arguably most exciting industrial revolution.1–3 This revolution is paralleled by the rapid development of biosensors and novel methods of diagnosing and treating patients. Patients and medical consumers need to be informed in order to benefit from these technologies. Thus, the global future is making it more and more important to communicate in English in all reputable medical information outlets. The writing done in the field of medicine, in particular, may become more challenging and require nonstandard approaches, accommodating students and professionals with varying levels of English language proficiency. (See Chapter 11 for insights into cultural competence.)
Point of care molecular and antigen detection tests for COVID-19: current status and future prospects
Published in Expert Review of Molecular Diagnostics, 2022
William Stokes, Byron M. Berenger, Allison A. Venner, Vincent Deslandes, Julie L. V. Shaw
The general class of technology known as ‘biosensors’ show promise to meet these parameters. Biosensors measure the presence of an analyte using biosensing elements, such as an antibody, enzyme, or nucleic acid, and a transducer that measures the interaction and converts it into an electrical signal. Biosensors can be labeled (e.g. fluorescence, enzymes, or magnetic beads) or label free (e.g. surface plasmon resonance (SPR)-based biosensors, electrochemical biosensors, optical, and field-effect transistor (FET)-based biosensors). Advances in microfluidics, ability to print biosensors on paper, and nanotechnology have all made biosensors, especially electrochemical biosensors, a potential POCT candidate due to decreased costs, enhanced sensitivity, and potential for a quantified read out [102]. Interestingly, electrochemical biosensors can be the same size or smaller than the current RAT and can connect to a mobile device.
An overview of advancement in aptasensors for influenza detection
Published in Expert Review of Molecular Diagnostics, 2022
Varsha Gautam, Ramesh Kumar, Vinod Kumar Jain, Suman Nagpal
In this view, a potentially improved strategy using alternative synthetic receptors that can be generated more rapidly, at a cheaper cost, and by chemical synthesis, to decrease batch variances is highly required. Following this, recent work has been directed toward the synthesis of aptamers that might be employed to build diagnostic tests. To aid in the expansion of these efforts, we evaluate the published methods for choosing aptamers against influenza, gathering the whole sequences of the antiviral aptamers identified so far. This kind of information is rarely discovered in databases. Furthermore, full information on the experimental settings under which aptamers were chosen, as well as their affinity properties, is presented. This knowledge is really beneficial, not just for growth but also for future researchers. In the advent of moving toward point-of-care diagnostics, biosensors are playing a major role. This information may be used to build novel methods for detecting, identifying, and monitoring viruses in clinical samples, as well as a guide for developing aptamers against new viruses. Aptamers have been combined with various transducers to create low-cost devices or biosensors that can be used to detect viral infections early. A biosensor is a device utilizing biomolecules and chemically modified molecules that helps in the early and on-spot detection of such infections without any lab assessments. Sensors consist of two components, generally: a receptor and a transducer.
Nucleic acid-based electrochemical biosensors for rapid clinical diagnosis: advances, challenges, and opportunities
Published in Critical Reviews in Clinical Laboratory Sciences, 2022
Abu Hashem, M. A. Motalib Hossain, Ab Rahman Marlinda, Mohammad Al Mamun, Suresh Sagadevan, Zohreh Shahnavaz, Khanom Simarani, Mohd Rafie Johan
This review has discussed recent developments and applications of EC NA biosensors and biosensing techniques, including key advances made in this field, biomolecular sensing strategies, and nanotechnological approaches to clinical diagnosis. Biosensors were first developed almost three decades ago and their combination with electrochemistry opened up exciting opportunities in various fields. Biosensors have great potential to be useful in biomedical diagnosis, monitoring of disease progression, forensic investigations, drug discovery, and biomedical research. The coupling of NA with other high-affinity biomolecules could facilitate the sensitive and selective diagnosis of a range of analytes. Furthermore, advances in bio-nanotechnology and nano-diagnostics based on EC NA nano biosensors could enable impressive developments in the field of diagnostics in the future.