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Nanomedicine Against COVID-19
Published in Hanadi Talal Ahmedah, Muhammad Riaz, Sagheer Ahmed, Marius Alexandru Moga, The Covid-19 Pandemic, 2023
Saima Zulfiqar, Zunaira Naeem, Shahzad Sharif, Ayoub Rashid Ch., M. Zia-Ul-Haq, Marius Moga
Nanoparticles have the potential of producing the intrinsic adjuvanticity sometimes, so they are also referred as VANs [183]. Hydrophobic nature, surface chemistry and many physiochemical characteristics of nanoparticles together are capable of producing the intrinsic adjuvant like mechanism [184–186]. For example, OH groups in poly(propylene sulfide) nanopar-ticles can activate the intrinsic adjuvanticity and enhances the immunity of the cells [185]. Co-loading of antigen with alumina nanoparticles can induce autophagy in DCs which promote the cross-dispensing of antigen to T cells leading to greater immunity at cellular and hormonal level [183]. Gold, PLG, and poly(γ-glutamic acid) nanoparticles have been found to increase adjuvanticity through DCs activation as well. Hydrophobic nature of gold nanoparticles also enhances the in vivo/vitro expression of inflammatory cytokines [187, 188]. In fact, vaccine adjuvants can enhance the antibody response and improves the overall efficacy of vaccines in elders, comprising a greater number of vulnerable groups with high mortality rate due to COVID-19 suffering [189, 190].
Bioceramic Nanoparticles for Tissue Engineering
Published in Harishkumar Madhyastha, Durgesh Nandini Chauhan, Nanopharmaceuticals in Regenerative Medicine, 2022
Bioinert ceramics such as alumina ceramic (Al2O3) and zirconia ceramic (ZrO2) possess properties like better chemical stability and inertness in vivo, low friction, wettability, a higher compressive strength, cracking strength and bending strength, corrosion resistance, and better biocompatibility when they are implanted in animal tissues such as bone (Yamamuro 2004). They are specifically used for total knee and hip replacement surgery and for dental repair treatment. Contact osteogenesis occurs when bone comes in contact with the implants (especially all endosseous dental implants) made up of these bioinert ceramics. These engineering ceramic materials have been used since 1970 for dental implants and other osteosynthetic devices such as bone and joint prostheses (Pina et al. 2017, Kurtz et al. 2014). It has been known that alumina or zirconia has high mechanical properties combined with high wear-resistant character. These properties are related to surface smoothness and surface energy. Because of high abrasion resistance properties, the use of the alumina and zirconia is limited to the bearing surface of joint prostheses, for fabrication of porous scaffold and for biomimetic coatings. For maxillofacial applications, alumina ceramics are used for developing jaw bone, ear bone substitutes, and various dental implants (Greenspan 2016) (Pina et al. 2017).
Bio-Implants Derived from Biocompatible and Biodegradable Biopolymeric Materials
Published in P. Mereena Luke, K. R. Dhanya, Didier Rouxel, Nandakumar Kalarikkal, Sabu Thomas, Advanced Studies in Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 2021
Materials commonly used in implants are stainless steel (SS316L), aluminum alloys, titanium alloys, polymers, polyetheretherketone, ceramics, and alumina chromium and nickel alloys, etc. If an implant stops to perform the function for which it was inserted it is then said to be failed.
Facile deposition of biogenic silver nanoparticles on porous alumina discs, an efficient antimicrobial, antibiofilm, and antifouling strategy for functional contact surfaces
Published in Biofouling, 2021
Ozioma Forstinus Nwabor, Sudarshan Singh, Suttiwan Wunnoo, Kowit Lerwittayanon, Supayang Piyawan Voravuthikunchai
Alumina is a commercial compound with good thermal strength, hardness, and resistance to corrosion (Sun et al. 2016; Liu et al. 2018), used for a range of industrial and biomedical applications (Ghaemi et al. 2017; Ackerl et al. 2019; Zou et al. 2019; Carvalho et al. 2020). Alumina ceramics are used as contact surface materials and in the fabrication of pipes, sanitary and household materials. Microbial adhesion to ceramic surfaces triggers biofouling and subsequent microbial influenced corrosion (Nelson et al. 2017). Several studies have investigated modification of surfaces through various methods. However, the in situ method of deposition of nanoparticles has not been extensively investigated.
Aluminum hydroxide nebulization-induced redox imbalance and acute lung inflammation in mice
Published in Experimental Lung Research, 2020
Erika Tiemi Kozima, Ana Beatriz Farias de Souza, Thalles de Freitas Castro, Natália Alves de Matos, Nicole Elizabeth Philips, Guilherme de Paula Costa, André Talvani, Sílvia Dantas Cangussú, Frank Silva Bezerra
Studies have shown that excessive exposure to aluminum causes osteomalacia, microcytic anemia, hepatic and renal failure, and has neurotoxic effects.2,3 In addition, studies have demonstrated, that occupational exposure to aluminum of bauxite mines and alumina refineries workers, is related to a higher propensity to develop respiratory diseases. Toxic effects on respiratory tract include worsening lung function, occupational asthma, pulmonary fibrosis, pulmonary alveolitis and alveolar proteinosis, chronic bronchitis and chronic pneumonia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and lung cancer.7–10
Microneedles for transdermal drug delivery: a systematic review
Published in Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy, 2019
Saili Dharadhar, Anuradha Majumdar, Sagar Dhoble, Vandana Patravale
Alumina is biocompatible [50]. However, it has shown to succumb to brittle fracture on being subjected to manual compression force [49]. Calcium phosphate and calcium sulphate, on the other hand, are not only biocompatible [53] but also have also shown the ability to withstand fracture when subjected to insertion in porcine skin [54]. Ormocer® is known to be safe for use and exhibits good biocompatibility [55].