China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Bacterial, Mycobacterial, and Spirochetal (Nonvenereal) Infections
Published in Ayşe Serap Karadağ, Lawrence Charles Parish, Jordan V. Wang, Roxburgh's Common Skin Diseases, 2022
Overview: This atypical mycobacterium can be found in fish and amphibians. Infection with this organism is commonly found in Central and West Africa, but it can occur in travelers, as well. Clinical presentation: Lesions start as solitary, painless nodules that can ulcerate and spread rapidly to cause large ulcers. If not treated promptly, it can cause permanent deformities and functional impairment. Osteomyelitis can also occur.
Inferior heel pain
Published in Maneesh Bhatia, Essentials of Foot and Ankle Surgery, 2021
Dishan Singh, Shelain Patel, Karan Malhotra
Treatment for acute osteomyelitis is with antibiotics. The most common organism is Staphylococcus aureus, but polymicrobial infections are common and Pseudomonas aeruginosa is often seen when ulcers are/have been present. It is therefore imperative to obtain a microbiological sample to target therapy. In a child with pyrexia a blood culture may yield an organism; however, in majority of cases image guided biopsy or open debridement will be required. Multiple samples (at least five samples) will improve the accuracy. Depending on the organism involved, a prolonged course of antibiotics may be required, often for at least 4–6 weeks intravenously, although this should be discussed with the local microbiology/infectious diseases team.
Osteomyelitis
Published in Firza Alexander Gronthoud, Practical Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 2020
Acute osteomyelitis presents with fever and pain, swelling and tenderness over the affected bone. Other causes of symptoms such as cellulitis, soft tissue abscess, septic arthritis, infarction or malignancy need to be considered.
Red blood cell distribution width as a potential inflammatory marker in pediatric osteomyelitis
Published in Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings, 2023
Irem Eldem, Mhd Hasan Almekdash, Obada Almadani, Fatma Levent, Mohamad M. Al-Rahawan
Our study group was composed of 82 children with osteomyelitis. The characteristics of patients are shown in Table 1. The most common presenting signs were fever, inflammation of the affected joint, and limping. The blood culture was positive in 31 (37%) patients. The pathogens isolated in the blood culture were Staphylococcus aureus (81%), Streptococcus species (16%), and Propionibacterium acnes (3%). Seventy-five patients required incision and drainage (range 1–8 times). The drainage culture was positive in 49 patients. The isolated pathogens were dominantly methicillin-resistant S. aureus and methicillin-sensitive S. aureus. Other pathogens were Pseudomonas, Enterobacter, Eikenella, Hemophilus, and Enterococcus species. A total of 28 (34%) patients had a trauma history preceding the osteomyelitis diagnosis. Two patients, one with underlying psoriasis and the other with osteosarcoma, were diagnosed with prosthesis-related osteomyelitis. Only 12 patients (14.5%) had a comorbid disease, which included chronic multifocal osteomyelitis, spina bifida, cerebral palsy with spastic paraplegia, osteosarcoma, psoriasis, asthma, dermoid cyst of bone, and congenital heart disease. Two patients were discharged with crutches. Osteomyelitis recurred in 16 patients (19.5%). The median length of stay in the hospital was 8 days (range 1–45). The patients required antibiotics for a median of 70 days, 32 days parenteral and 39 days oral (interquartile range 7–42 and 14–42, respectively).
Orbital cellulitis and osteomyelitis secondary to odontogenic infection with campylobacter rectus: a case report
Published in Orbit, 2023
Pragya Goswami, Amanda Ie, Brett A. O’Donnell
Osteomyelitis of facial bones may present as a routine infection with signs and symptoms including fever, malaise, pain, and facial cellulitis.1 Current expert opinion on the treatment of acute bacterial osteomyelitis consists of parental or highly available oral antimicrobial therap,,y for a duration of four to six weeks. Surgical management is occasionally necessitated in cases where antibiotic therapy is ineffective or in chronic osteomyelitis, when symptoms are long-standing and imaging shows sequelae such as periosteal thickening or abscess, bony irregularity, loss of bone or pathological fractures.13 Surgical intervention is focused on debridement of involved soft tissue and bone in conjunction with antibiotics.1,14 Due to its rarity, specific guidelines for the treatment of C. rectus osteomyelitis are lacking.
Chronic Recurrent Multifocal Osteomyelitis (CRMO): A Study of 12 Cases from One Institution and Literature Review
Published in Fetal and Pediatric Pathology, 2022
Eric Chang, Jasmine Vickery, Nadeen Zaiat, Eman Sallam, Abdul Hanan, Scott Baker, Mohamed Alhamar, Janet Poulik, Ereny Demian, Bahig M Shehata
Our patient cohort is a total of 12 cases. They were identified over a span of 7 years (2013 to 2020). There were 5 males and 7 females, with an age range of 1 to 16 years with a mean age of 8.3 years. The most common presenting symptom was pain. The diagnosis of 8 patients was delayed, with delay defined as the time from initial symptoms to diagnosis of greater than 3 months. In in our patient population delayed diagnosis ranged from 3 to 5 months. The patients were initially considered clinically as having conventional osteomyelitis, due to presenting with symptoms of bone pain and fever. The diagnosis of CRMO was considered after the appearance of a second lesion, and the lack of response to antibiotics. Imaging revealed the involvement of multiple bones (Figure 1). Table 1 shows a table detailing the various locations and distributions of the lesions. None of the patients had any previous diseases, and none of the patients had any clavicular, sternal, or vertebral involvement. Patients with a delayed diagnosis had a wider distribution of lesions. The eight patients with delayed diagnosis of CRMO initially presented with a unifocal bone lesion, but developed multifocal bone lesions later on.