China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Venereal diseases
Published in Dinesh Kumar Jain, Homeopathy, 2022
Genital Herpes is a virus infection and is generally transmitted by sexual contact. Genital herpes is marked by clusters of small painful blisters on the genitals. After a few days, these blisters burst leaving small ulcers in their place. Almost all cases are marked by painful burning at the site of blister formation. Other relatively common symptoms include pain or burning during urination, discharge from the urethra or vagina, but these all tend to disappear within one or two weeks. If generalized symptoms appear, they diminish gradually over the first week of the infection. After the blisters burst, lesions usually heal in one to two weeks. Skin lesions last an average of 16–20 days, although the blisters disappear and the ulcers heal spontaneously. Many people have recurrent episodes of genital herpes varying in frequency from once a month to once every few years. People who suffer from herpes find that repeat herpes attacks tend to resolve completely after a few years (Masters et al., 1986, pp. 536–543).
Paper 3
Published in Aalia Khan, Ramsey Jabbour, Almas Rehman, nMRCGP Applied Knowledge Test Study Guide, 2021
Aalia Khan, Ramsey Jabbour, Almas Rehman
Which one of the following statements is not true about genital herpes? Genital herpes can be acquired from contact with lesions from non-mucosal surfaces.Typing of the infection is useful in managing recurrent genital herpes.Typing of the infection is useful in the initial attack.Antivirals do not eradicate the infection or latent virus.Aciclovir, valaciclovir and famciclovir all decrease the severity and duration of the clinical episode.
Sexual health
Published in Sally Robinson, Priorities for Health Promotion and Public Health, 2021
Rajeeb Kumar Sah, Sally Robinson
Genital herpes presents as small painful blisters or sores that may cause itching or tingling in the genital or anal area. It may be painful to urinate and there may be a vaginal discharge. There is no cure for genital herpes but using antiviral medicine can usually control the symptoms. Individual sores will take around five to 10 days to heal. The recurrence of infection and outbreaks are common.
Multimodal Imaging of a Severe Case of Neonatal Acute Retinal Necrosis and Lens Vacuoles Associated with Herpes Simplex Virus Infection
Published in Ocular Immunology and Inflammation, 2022
Takamasa Kinoshita, Akira Hatanaka, Junya Mori, Kei Akaiwa, Hiroko Imaizumi
Both the visual and neurological prognoses are expected to be poor in the present case, despite treatment with the recommended high dose of parenteral acyclovir followed by continuous acyclovir suppressive therapy.27,28 The majority of cases of initial and reactivated genital herpes infection are asymptomatic,1 and the mother of our patient had not been followed by an obstetrician during her pregnancy, which could have led to the detection of an active genital lesion or prophylactic management such as maternal antiviral suppressive therapy with acyclovir or valacyclovir.29 Furthermore, the neonate had no specific symptoms suggestive of HSV infection, like vesicular rash or seizures, until he was referred to our department for fundus examination for the retinopathy of prematurity screening. Together, these led to the delay in diagnosis, and severe morbidity.
Emergence of varicella-zoster virus resistance to acyclovir: epidemiology, prevention, and treatment
Published in Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy, 2021
Kimiyasu Shiraki, Masaya Takemoto, Tohru Daikoku
Regarding the antiviral treatment of herpes infections, suppressive therapy for recurrent genital herpes prevents the appearance of unpleasant vesicles, erosions, and ulcers that last for approximately a week, and prodromal treatment prevents genital lesions in up to one-third of patients and helps maintain a comfortable daily life [76,77]. Oral acyclovir, valacyclovir, and famciclovir administered within 24 h of onset and continued for a period of 5 days are effective in reducing the duration of symptoms by a median of 1–2 days along with the severity of recurrent herpes. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) pneumonia was treated with ganciclovir in transplant recipients in the 1980s, and current guidelines have been established to prevent the development of refractory CMV pneumonia by prophylactic or preemptive treatment with ganciclovir or letermovir [78–80]. Prodromal and preemptive therapies with antiherpetic drugs block the onset of major diseases in genital herpes and CMV pneumonia, respectively. Starting antiviral treatment from the prodromal stage of varicella and HZ seems to be the best time to start treatment; however, owing to the difficulty of diagnosing the prodromal stage, it cannot be indicated in VZV infections such as HSV and CMV infection. The best antiviral treatment for VZV infection is at least within 24 h for varicella and within 72 h for HZ, with diagnosis and treatment as soon as possible after onset.
Current vaccine approaches and emerging strategies against herpes simplex virus (HSV)
Published in Expert Review of Vaccines, 2021
Vindya Nilakshi Wijesinghe, Isra Ahmad Farouk, Nur Zawanah Zabidi, Ashwini Puniyamurti, Wee Sim Choo, Sunil Kumar Lal
HSV-1 and HSV-2-related diseases vary in location and severity, with the most common being oral and genital herpes, respectively, followed by ocular herpes, neonatal herpes, and eczema herpeticum [9]. Genital herpes is a sexually transmitted disease (STD) caused by either HSV-1 or HSV-2 infections [22]; however, those acquired via HSV-2 are relatively more frequent, despite increasing numbers caused by HSV-1 over the years [13]. James et al. [23] reported a global approximation of 500 million individuals living with genital herpes in the year 2016, with ~776,000 new cases arising each year in the United States alone [24]. Females have an increased susceptibility compared to males due to easy transmission from men to women during penile-vaginal intercourse [25]. Furthermore, asymptomatic individuals increase the chances of virus transmission from person to person.