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Metabolic Bone Disease and Systemic Disorders of the Temporal Bone
Published in R James A England, Eamon Shamil, Rajeev Mathew, Manohar Bance, Pavol Surda, Jemy Jose, Omar Hilmi, Adam J Donne, Scott-Brown's Essential Otorhinolaryngology, 2022
Victoria Alexander, Parag Patel
Radiological findings include inflammatory resorptive osteitis of the temporal bone, and rarely bony erosion of the ossicles. SNHL is reversible in syphilis if treated in time with penicillin antibiotics; consider screening for disease in patients with sudden SNHL (treponemal enzyme immunoassay to detect treponemal IgG and IgM).
The Musculoskeletal System and Its Disorders
Published in Walter F. Stanaszek, Mary J. Stanaszek, Robert J. Holt, Steven Strauss, Understanding Medical Terms, 2020
Walter F. Stanaszek, Mary J. Stanaszek, Robert J. Holt, Steven Strauss
An inflammation of bone is called osteitis. Inflammation of the bone marrow and adjoining bone is osteomyelitis(osteo = bone, plus myel = marrow). It can be caused by direct infection of the bone by an outside source or can result from spread of an infection from nearby tissue, as is sometimes seen after surgical reduction of a fracture. Osteochondritis(chon = cartilage) denotes inflammation of a bone and its cartilage.
Cysts and Tumours of the Bony Facial Skeleton
Published in John C Watkinson, Raymond W Clarke, Terry M Jones, Vinidh Paleri, Nicholas White, Tim Woolford, Head & Neck Surgery Plastic Surgery, 2018
Julia A. Woolgar, Gillian L. Hall
Osteitis deformans results from osteoclast dysfunction.34 Aetiology is unclear, possibly involving paramyxovirus infection and genetic predisposition (on chromosome 18q). Treatment is with calcitonin and/or bisphosphonates. Osteosarcoma is a rare complication mainly affecting cases with widespread lesions.
Pamidronate in chronic non-bacterial osteomyelitis: a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled pilot trial
Published in Scandinavian Journal of Rheumatology, 2020
CM Andreasen, AG Jurik, BW Deleuran, HC Horn, TB Folkmar, T Herlin, EM Hauge
CNO is characterized by chronic and relapsing episodes of osteoarticular inflammation. Clinically, patients present with musculoskeletal complaints such as pain, tenderness, and swelling referable to the involved skeletal sites. CNO is often associated with skin eruptions such as palmoplantar pustulosis and acne conglobata, but also synovitis (3, 4, 7). Bone lesions in adults are predominantly sited in the anterior chest wall (ACW), the spine, and the pelvis (3, 8). In children, bone lesions have a predilection for the metaphysis of the lower extremities, the spine, the pelvis, and the clavicles (9, 10). Imaging features are characteristic in the form of osteitis and hyperostosis. Whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (WBMRI) enables assessment of the overall status of bone inflammation and is increasingly used in CRMO and in both arthritis and SpA (11–13).
Chapter 9: Pediatric tuberculosis
Published in Canadian Journal of Respiratory, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, 2022
Rachel Dwilow, Charles Hui, Fatima Kakkar, Ian Kitai
Common local complications include injection site abscesses and regional lymphadenitis that may be suppurative.151 Local disease is self-limited but often chronic, and optimal management is uncertain: observation alone with aspiration of abscesses just before rupture were suggested in a Cochrane review but the evidence was poor.152 Local osteitis may occur in the absence of immune deficiency and requires drug therapy.153 Disseminated BCG disease occurs in children with primary immune deficiencies, including severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID), mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial diseases154,154 and some cases of HIV infection.155
Clinical and immunologic implication of neo-osteogenesis in chronic rhinosinusitis
Published in Expert Review of Clinical Immunology, 2023
So Yeon Yoon, Seung-No Hong, Yan Lee, Dae Woo Kim
Neo-osteogenesis is thought to be a major finding of recalcitrant CRS. It involves inflammatory changes in the marrowless bone, which is strongly associated with worsened disease severity and negatively impacts outcomes following endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) [4]. Previously, the term ‘osteitis’ which means inflammation of the bones has been used but, its meaning doesn’t include chronic inflammation characterized by the replacement of damaged tissue through connective tissue formation, angiogenesis, and fibrosis, all of which contribute to the healing process. Nowadays, the term neo-osteogenesis is preferred to avoid any potential confusion in clinical settings. Neo-osteogenesis is a pathological process characterized by the formation of new bone and remodeling of the existing bone within the paranasal sinuses, with features such as periosteal thickening, new woven bone formation, bone resorption, and fibrosis [5]. Neo-osteogenesis is found in approximately 51% of CRS patients, and the prevalence of neo-osteogenesis is higher in patients who have undergone previous sinus surgery, with a reported incidence of 76% compared to 36% in patients who have not undergone previous surgery [6]. Another study reported that 75% of patients who underwent prior sinus surgery showed neo-osteogenesis compared with 33% of patients with primary CRS [7]. Despite its clinical significance, the definite causal relationship between neo-osteogenesis and CRS, along with its various endotypes, remains unclear. Recently, there has been growing evidence of the association between CRS pathophysiology and neo-osteogenesis. The aim of this review was to provide a broader understanding of neo-osteogenesis in CRS by synthesizing studies so far.