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The Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphomas and Plasma Cell Dyscrasias
Published in Harold R. Schumacher, William A. Rock, Sanford A. Stass, Handbook of Hematologic Pathology, 2019
Lynne V. Abruzzo, L. Jeffrey Medeiros
Immunophenotypic studies of AILD and angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma have shown that these lesions are composed of mature T-cells with relatively few B cells. An aberrant T-cell immunophenotype may be identified. The T-cells are usually of the T-helper/inducer cell subset (CD4 + CD8−). The B cells and plasma cells expressed polytypic Ig light chains.
Rapid T-cell lymphoma progression associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors
Published in Expert Review of Hematology, 2023
Case report/series on ICI-related T-cell lymphoma hyperprogression are overviewed in Table 1 [6–8,14–18]. Based on the literature search, we found 12 patients in total, including four with ATLL and five with angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL), which is currently referred to as nodal T-follicular helper cell lymphoma, angioimmunoblastic-type (nTFHL-AI) [19]. Eight patients had rapid progression of primary T-cell lymphoma, whereas the other four patients secondarily developed T-cell lymphoma (two with nTFHL-AI, one with ATLL and one with PTCL, not otherwise specified (PTCL-NOS)) from original solid malignancies. All patients received an anti-PD1 antibody (pembrolizumab or nivolumab, except for one patient). Seven patients were enrolled in two phase 2 trials of nivolumab conducted in the US (NCT02631746, NCT03075553) [6–8]. The subjects enrolled in these studies were patients with ATLL (NCT02631746) and those with relapsed/refractory PTCL including ATLL or nTFHL-AI (NCT02631746). The total number of ICI administrations before HPD was one in seven patients and two in two patients. Many cases were diagnosed with HPD using blood tests and radiological examinations such as computerized tomography (CT). Most of the patients who could tolerate it received salvage chemotherapy following hyperprogression. Without a detailed immunological assessment, it is unknown whether this hyperprogression is attributable to ICI administration or exclusively associated to the natural course of the disease. Further clinical data collection is warranted to reveal the causal relationship.
The expression of CD30 and its clinico-pathologic significance in peripheral T-cell lymphomas
Published in Expert Review of Hematology, 2021
Kennosuke Karube, Yoshihide Kakimoto, Yukio Tonozuka, Koichi Ohshima
Peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) is a heterogeneous group of aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL) arising from mature T-cell and natural killer (NK) cell lineages. The 2017 WHO classification for lymphoid neoplasms lists approximately 30 different PTCL subtypes that are distinguished by phenotypic, morphologic, and genetic characteristics [1,2]. PTCLs account for approximately 10% of all NHL cases in the US and Europe but their relative prevalence is markedly higher in East Asian countries [3,4]. PTCLs have been reported to account for 22% of all NHL cases in South Korea, 25% in Japan, and 33% in China [4]. Given the aggressive clinical course of PTCL, these patients have a poor prognosis. Until recently, initial PTCL treatment has relied upon CHOP (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vinblastine, and prednisone) or CHOP-like chemotherapy regimens [1,5,6]. A study found that patients with the histological PTCL subtype of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (ALCL) and had an International Prognostic Index (IPI) of 0 or 1 responded relatively well to chemotherapy and enjoyed a 5-year overall survival (OS) rate of 90% [7]. In contrast, ALK-negative ALCL with an IPI of 4 or 5 was associated with a low 5-year OS rate of 13% [7]. For the more common PTCL histological subtypes of PTCL not otherwise specified (NOS) and angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL), only 32% of patients survive beyond 5 years with conventional chemotherapy and more effective treatment strategies are needed [7].
Juxtaposition of IL-1β and IFN-γ expression and apoptosis of keratinocytes in adult-onset Still’s disease
Published in Expert Review of Clinical Immunology, 2019
Shijia Rao, Qianwen Li, Haijing Wu, Ming Zhao, Alun Wang, Guiying Zhang, Ji Li, Lixia Lu, Wei Shi, Qianjin Lu
There was one patient who was diagnosed with angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma in our series of APSEs. It has been argued that the malignant clone of lymphomas/leukemia might originate from the initially strong polyclonal immune activation in AOSD [23,24]. It has been documented that AOSD can occur before the appearance of clinical manifestations of hematological or solid malignancies with a median time of 9 months. It could be difficult to distinguish the primary presentation of AOSD or secondary to malignant tumors. It has been suggested that atypical persistent skin eruption is often a signal of malignant tumors [24]. It has also been reported that the most relevant malignancies are hematological malignancies, followed by breast cancer, and AOSD patients with APSEs are likely to develop malignancies, and therefore requiring a close follow-up [12].