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Abdominal surgery
Published in Roy Palmer, Diana Wetherill, Medicine for Lawyers, 2020
If the spleen can be preserved in trauma then it should be. Removing the spleen involves simply dividing the splenic artery and splenic veins. The spleen is extremely vascular and very profuse amounts of blood loss can occur with relatively minor damage.
SplenectomyFrom Prophylaxis to Treatment
Published in Firza Alexander Gronthoud, Practical Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 2020
Some patients still have a spleen, but the function of their spleen is decreased or absent. This can be the case, for example, in patients with sickle cell disease, but also in patients with advanced HIV, celiac disease and some other medical conditions.
Overwhelming Post-Splenectomy Infections in the Critical Care Unit
Published in Cheston B. Cunha, Burke A. Cunha, Infectious Diseases and Antimicrobial Stewardship in Critical Care Medicine, 2020
Although not classically considered a vital organ, an absent or compromised spleen can predispose to severe infection due to loss of normal splenic immunologic function. In particular, mortality is estimated to be as high as 50% in septic post-splenectomy patients, necessitating prompt diagnosis and management [1], usually in the critical care setting. Additionally, preventative measures are used in the asplenic or hyposplenic patient population to avoid this lethal infection, including vaccines and prophylactic antimicrobials.
Panax ginseng improves physical recovery and energy utilization on chronic fatigue in rats through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling pathway
Published in Pharmaceutical Biology, 2023
Guolei Zhang, BoFan Lu, Enhui Wang, Wei Wang, Zheng Li, Lili Jiao, Hui Li, Wei Wu
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) expounds that the spleen is the foundation of acquired constitution, the biochemistry and transportation of Qi, as well as the nourishment of the heart (Li X et al. 2020). Fatigue is a typical manifestation of spleen deficiency. Patients with ‘spleen deficiency’ have nutrient absorption disorders, which can be manifested as diarrhoea, abdominal distension, weight loss, malnutrition, weakness of limbs, and decreased anti-stress ability, etc. These symptoms are like the rat fatigue model established in this experiment. In TCM, P. ginseng belongs to the spleen, lung and heart meridian, which could nourish the Qi of the spleen, lungs and heart, enrich the acquired essence and nourish the innate essence. ‘Reinforcing vital energy’ was the classic effect of P. ginseng (Sun et al. 2016). This study shows that medicinal and edible P. ginseng could quickly restore the physical strength of fatigued rats and prevent weight loss. P. ginseng can improve the sugar uptake ability and glycogen synthesis ability of skeletal muscle cells in fatigued rats, reduce blood LD value and serum urea nitrogen content, prolong the swimming time of rats, and finally show an anti-fatigue effect. This result is consistent with the traditional effect of P. ginseng in TCM.
Effect of sleep deprivation and daylight restriction on the immune response to Escherichia coli-induced septicemia in Wistar rats
Published in Egyptian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 2023
Abayomi O. Ige, Esther O. Agbo, Dorcas J. Brown, Olakunle O. Mebude, Elsie O. Adewoye
An assessment of spleen samples is shown in Figure 6 (A-F). Samples in group I, the control group, showed spleen with normal architecture that had normal white pulp with no observable lesions (A). Spleen samples from animals in group II (ECIS only) exhibited follicular lymphoid hyperplasia (B) while samples in group III (Sleep deprived (12 hours) + ECIS) showed congestion of the vascular spaces and moderate melanomacrophage hyperplasia (C). In group IV (Sleep deprived (96 hours) + ECIS), spleen samples exhibited moderate follicular lymphoid hyperplasia with tingible body macrophages (D). Spleen samples in group V (Daylight restricted (12 hours) + ECIS) showed moderate follicular lymphoid depletion (E) while samples in group VI (Daylight restricted (96 hours) + ECIS) exhibited moderate follicular lymphoid and melanomacrophage hyperplasia as well as numerous tingible body macrophages (F).
Pharmacotherapeutic advances for splenomegaly in myelofibrosis
Published in Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy, 2023
Douglas Tremblay, John Mascarenhas
Myelofibrosis (MF) is a chronic hematologic malignancy classified as a myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPNs), a group of interrelated disorders that share clinical and pathologic features [1]. MF can be primary (PMF) or secondary to an antecedent essential thrombocythemia (post-ET MF) or polycythemia vera (post-PV MF). Approximately 80% of MF patients have palpable splenomegaly at time of presentation [2] and 38% have a spleen that is palpable 10 cm below the left costal margin (LCM) [3]. Splenomegaly can cause symptoms including left upper quadrant abdominal pain and early satiety due to compression of the stomach. In addition, massive splenomegaly can lead to venous compression, manifesting as lower extremity edema and can also result in the development of portal hypertension. Splenic infarct can arise as a result of non-thrombotic ischemia which can be associated with significant abdominal pain and even hemodynamic instability [4]. Given the associated symptoms, improving spleen size is considered a major treatment goal by both physicians and patients, as well as regulatory agencies [5].