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Transfusion service management
Published in Jennifer Duguid, Lawrence Tim Goodnough, Michael J. Desmond, Transfusion Medicine in Practice, 2020
James P AuBuchon, Dafydd W Thomas
A transfusion service, however, involves much more than the transfusion service laboratory. Although often referred to by the common sobriquet ‘blood bank’, the broader definition of medical services subsumed in designating the operation a ‘transfusion service’ can set the stage for expanded clinical service and improved patient care. Transfusion medicine specialists have long fought against the concept of the distribution of blood components in the manner that a pharmacy dispenses medications. As with any prescribed drug, there may be side-effects as a result of the administration, and this makes it essential that the clinical gain is judged to be worth the risk. The extensive and detailed knowledge possessed by any specialist working in a support capacity – whether a pharmacist, a medical technologist, or a transfusion medicine specialist – may fill in crucial gaps in the clinical physician’s knowledge base and help redirect therapy toward a more beneficial outcome or even avert a catastrophe. Therefore, the physician with specialized knowledge in transfusion and the medical technologist skilled in immunohematology may often hold the keys to improve hemotherapy for a patient.
Therapeutic Pheresis: Precautions and Nursing Intervention
Published in James L. MacPherson, Duke O. Kasprisin, Therapeutic Hemapheresis, 2019
Jeane E. Blust, Judith Parrish
In addition to the IV therapy orientation, the newly appointed nurse must be familiar with general hematological laboratory procedures and normal values, infection control procedures, immunohematology and the utilization of the pharmacological agents used throughout the procedure and in emergency situations.
Australian medical device regulations: An overview
Published in Jack Wong, Raymond K. Y. Tong, Handbook of Medical Device Regulatory Affairs in Asia, 2018
In the case of Class I, Class I sterile, Class I measuring, Class IIa, and Class IIb medical devices, and Class 1, Class 2, Class 3 IVDs and Class 4 immunohaematology reagents (IHRs), one medical device is considered to be of the “same kind” as another medical device, if both deviceshave the same manufacturerhave the same sponsor andare the same classificationhave the same GMDN code
Phenotypic variation in sickle cell disease: the role of beta globin haplotype, alpha thalassemia, and fetal hemoglobin in HbSS
Published in Expert Review of Hematology, 2022
This covers a variety of conditions varying in hematology and clinical features largely determined by the molecular mutation of the beta thalassemia gene. Broadly, there are two major phenotypes, depending on the amount of normal beta chain and hence HbA produced, sickle cell-beta+ thalassemia and sickle cell-betao thalassemia. The molecular mutations for beta thalassemia vary geographically (Table 1), and differ widely between continents and even between different areas of a small Island such as Jamaica where differences occur in communities only 100 km apart [9]. In Table 1, the Jamaican data derive from the screening of 100,000 newborns at Victoria Jubilee Hospital between 1973–1981 [6] and from the Manchester Project in central Jamaica, which offered free genotype detection to 16,612 senior school students between 2008 and 2013 [9]. Indian data derive from 5,615 subjects with the beta thalassemia trait between 2001 and 2015 studied at the National Institute of Immunohaematology in Mumbai [10].
Immune-checkpoint blockade of CTLA-4 (CD152) in antigen-specific human T-cell responses differs profoundly between neonates, children, and adults
Published in OncoImmunology, 2021
Aditya Arra, Maximilian Pech, Hang Fu, Holger Lingel, Franziska Braun, Christian Beyer, Myra Spiliopoulou, Barbara M. Bröker, Karen Lampe, Christoph Arens, Katrin Vogel, Mandy Pierau, Monika C. Brunner-Weinzierl
Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were prepared from leukocyte reduction filters (Sepacell RZ-2000; Asahi Kasaei Medical, Japan) of healthy adult donors (not matched of age and sex, age range 21.3–64 years, median age 43.5 years) supplied by the Institute of Transfusions Medicine and Immunohematology at the University Hospital of Magdeburg (Germany). Donors did not use antibiotics for the last 3 months, were nonsmokers, did not take any drugs, and had no chronic diseases. The blood and adenoids were obtained from children (age range 1–5 years, median age 3.4 years) suffering from adenoid hypertrophy through surgical excision, and supplied by the Department of Otorhinolaryngology of the University Hospital in Magdeburg. Cord blood (CB) samples taken from full-term births were obtained from umbilical cord veins immediately after birth from the Women’s Clinic of the University Hospital of Magdeburg. The study was approved by the Clinical Research Ethics Board of the University of Magdeburg (certificates 06/11, 79/07, and 26/12), and all donors and/or parents gave written informed consent in accordance with the declaration of Helsinki.
Silent red blood cell autoantibodies: Are they naturally occurring or an effect of tolerance loss for a subsequent autoimmune process?
Published in Autoimmunity, 2020
Honorio Torres-Aguilar, Sorely Adelina Sosa-Luis, William de Jesús Ríos-Ríos, María de los Ángeles Romero-Tlalolini, Sergio Roberto Aguilar-Ruiz
The discovery of anti-RBC allo- or autoantibodies in a patient during the clinical practice is referred as irregular or unexpected anti-RBC antibodies given that their existence, isotype and specificity are initially unknown [14]. For elucidating their nature and clinical relevance, conducting an antibody screening in immunohematology tests is necessary [15,16]. Therefore, the category of unexpected anti-RBC antibodies includes those targeting antigens of the most red blood types excluding antibodies targeting ABO antigens [14–16]. Some of these allo- or autoantibodies are called clinically significant unexpected antibodies, when their presence is associated with haemolytic disease of the foetus and newborn (HDFN), haemolytic transfusion reactions (HTRs), or a significant decrease in the survival of transfused RBCs [9–16].