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Clinical Pharmacology of the Anti-Tuberculosis Drugs
Published in Lloyd N. Friedman, Martin Dedicoat, Peter D. O. Davies, Clinical Tuberculosis, 2020
Gerry Davies, Charles Peloquin
DLD prolongs the QTc interval by 8–12 mS but has not been associated with serious dysrhythmias.245 Caution should be exercised in patients with hypoalbuminemia. DLD may also be associated with nausea, vomiting, tremor, anxiety, and paraesthesia.
The cardiovascular system
Published in C. Simon Herrington, Muir's Textbook of Pathology, 2020
Mary N Sheppard, C. Simon Herrington
Plasma oncotic pressure is governed largely by the concentration of albumin, and oedema occurs when the serum albumin level falls <25 g/L. Hypoalbuminaemia may be due to leakage into the urine in the nephrotic syndrome and other renal diseases or into the gut in protein-losing enteropathies, or insufficient synthesis in liver failure and malnutrition.
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever and Typhus Fever
Published in James H. S. Gear, CRC Handbook of Viral and Rickettsial Hemorrhagic Fevers, 2019
Renal manifestations — The combination of pathologic involvement of the kidneys, many cutaneous and organ hemorrhagic necroses with hypotension, oliguria, and anuria, leads to azotemia. Its height is indicative of the severity of illness. In such patients, there is edema with hypoalbuminemia.
Anesthesia management and outcomes of gynecologic oncology surgery
Published in Postgraduate Medicine, 2023
Hicret Yeniay, Bahar Kuvaki, Sule Ozbilgin, Hasan Bahadır Saatli, Hikmet Tunç Timur
In our study, while the overall albumin values were not excessively low, the preoperative albumin values in the deceased patients were lower than those in the surviving patients. Thus, the mortality rate increased with decreased albumin levels. Albumin levels are an indirect marker of organ function (e.g. the liver) as it is an acute-phase reactant, showing the patient’s metabolic status and providing information about the patient’s general status [12]. In a retrospective cohort study of 533 patients who underwent elective gynecologic cancer surgery between 2005 and 2015 [13], 97 patients (18.2%) experienced complications in the postoperative 30-day period. They reported that age, operative duration, and serum albumin levels were valuable predictors of 30-day morbidity. The association of low preoperative albumin levels with mortality has been reported in several studies [12,14–16]. Whether elevating serum albumin levels in the short-term with albumin solution infusion in the preoperative period is beneficial for patients with hypoalbuminemia is currently under debate. Nevertheless, preventing situations that predispose patients to hypoalbuminemia-like malnutrition earlier in the process is important. Conditions that cause hypoalbuminemia should be targeted, water and sodium loading should be avoided, surgical and medical treatments for inflammation and sepsis should begin early, and the patient should be given appropriate nutritional support.
Quantification and influencing factors of perioperative hidden blood loss in patients undergoing laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy for benign ovarian tumours
Published in Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2022
Junhan Zhou, Miaomiao Ye, Wenxiao Jiang, Xueqiong Zhu
Hypoalbuminemia is often attributed to the alteration of protein catabolism, along with surgery and perioperative protein deficiency. Common postoperative complications of hypoalbuminemia include wound infection, wound dehiscence, delayed wound healing, longer hospitalisation times and increased mortality. Hypoalbuminemia was found to be positively related to HBL in patients undergoing laparoscopy-assisted gastrectomy (Zhang et al. 2018). Consistently, Zhao et al. (2019) revealed that preoperative albumin values positively correlated with the amount of HBL in radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy, which was similar to our findings in that the preoperative albumin value was a significant risk factor for HBL in laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy. High preoperative albumin values might participate in the activity of hyperfibrinolysis, which causes the abnormal absorption of HBL in the third space (Liu et al. 2011).
The assessment of sarcopenia using psoas muscle thickness per height is not predictive of post-operative complications in IBD
Published in Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology, 2021
Omeed Alipour, Vivian Lee, Tapas K. Tejura, Melissa Lee Wilson, Zoe Memel, Jaehoon Cho, Kyle Cologne, Caroline Hwang, Ling Shao
Our study found that hypoalbuminemia and biologic use were significantly associated with post-operative complications. However, the addition of PMTH to a model including albumin and biologic use did not improve the performance of our predictive model. Similarly, when we utilized an alternative PMTH cut-off, validated in the assessment of sarcopenia in chronic pancreatitis, to account for sample bias given our smaller study size, these results remained unchanged [4]. Although our sample size was not large, this retrospective cohort study did not find that sarcopenia defined by PMTH has utility as a predictor of post-operative complications when compared to other existing measures that have been associated with post-surgical morbidity and mortality, such as albumin level in this case [24].