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Haematological Disease
Published in John S. Axford, Chris A. O'Callaghan, Medicine for Finals and Beyond, 2023
Symptoms of anaemia: Reduced exercise toleranceSleepinessBreathlessness on minimal effort or at restHeadachePalpitationsChest painPallor
Anemia
Published in Charles Theisler, Adjuvant Medical Care, 2023
Anemias are a group of diseases characterized by a significant reduction in the amount of healthy red blood cells or hemoglobin, resulting in a corresponding decrease in the blood’s oxygen carrying capacity to the cells and tissues. Anemia is the most common blood disorder in the world, affecting more than three million individuals and is often a sign of underlying pathology. If the anemia onset is gradual, a person may not be symptomatic until the hemoglobin level is less than 8 gm/dL.1 Symptoms often include fatigue, pale skin, rapid heart beat or palpitations, poor appetite, shortness of breath, and dizziness. There are many different types and causes of anemia.
Haematology
Published in Kristen Davies, Shadaba Ahmed, Core Conditions for Medical and Surgical Finals, 2020
Anaemia is lack of sufficient red blood cells and therefore haemoglobin (Hb). Biochemically, it is defined as a Hb <13 g/dL in men, <12 g/dL in women. If pregnant, these values change to <11 g/dL (1st trimester) and <10.5 g/dL (2nd/3rd trimester).
Distinct lipid profile in haemolytic anaemia-related gallstones compared with the general gallstone
Published in Annals of Medicine, 2023
Ziqi Wan, Xiaoyin Bai, Chengqing He, Yueyi Zhang, Ying Wang, Kaini Shen, Li Meizi, Qiang Wang, Wu Dongsheng, Yunlu Feng, Aiming Yang
Electronic medical records were retrospectively reviewed to collect patients’ baseline information, data regarding laboratory tests and clinical courses. The baseline information included age, sex, height, weight, blood pressure, history of hypertension or diabetes mellitus (DM) and length of hospital stay. The laboratory tests included complete blood counts (haemoglobin, platelets, neutrophils and reticulocyte percentage), liver biochemistry tests (total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) and γ-glutamyl transferase (GGT)), kidney function tests (creatine (SCR), uric acid (UA) and urea (BUN)), fasting blood glucose and serum lipids. We extracted values obtained from the last two tests before any treatment related to anaemia (for the case group) or gallstones (for the control group), and presented the mean value. The clinical courses generally included features of haematolytic anaemia (onset, causes, treatments and complications) and characteristics of gallstones (onset, symptoms, ultrasound results, acute diseases, treatments and complications). Symptoms related to haemolytic anaemia included fatigue, weakness, shortness of breath, jaundice, dark urine and splenomegaly. Symptoms of acute gallstone diseases included abdominal pain, fever and jaundice. Data were censored on December 2022.
The clinical implications and importance of anemia in older women
Published in Acta Clinica Belgica, 2022
Osman Kara, Lee Smith, Semen Gokce Tan, Pinar Soysal
The prevalence of anemia ranges from 2.9% to 61% in older men and 3.3% to 41% in older women [5]. Factors that contribute to the variation in the prevalence include comorbid diseases, regions where individuals reside, hospitalization status, and nursing home residence status [5]. For patients, anemia may cause serious economic and socio-cultural problems, such as withdrawal from functional-social life and depressive symptoms [6]. Anemia can present with relatively mild symptoms, such as weakness, fatigue, lack of attention, palpitations, dizziness, and dyspnea [3,5]. However, it may also present with more severe symptoms including, for example, falls, cognitive dysfunction, aggravation of congestive heart failure, and also mortality [3,5,6]. Importantly, as the severity of anemia increases, the severity of the symptoms are also more likely to increase [7].
Therapeutic effects of Sheng Xue Fang in a cyclophosphamide-induced anaemia mouse model
Published in Pharmaceutical Biology, 2021
Lu Dou, Xue Gong, Qing Wu, Fangzheng Mou
Anaemia is classified as a ‘defined number of red blood cells (RBCs), often accompanied by diminished hemoglobin concentrations and altered RBC morphology’ (Schumann and Solomons 2017). As one of the most common clinical symptoms, it can reduce the quality of life in patients due to fatigue, chest tightness or pain, shortness of breath, and increased heart rate (Liu et al. 2013; Jin et al. 2019; Zhu et al. 2019). Cyclophosphamide (CTX), a commonly used cancer chemotherapy drug, depletes the bone marrow of haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), resulting in peripheral circulating hemocytopenia (Xu et al. 2014) and other regenerative anaemia symptoms. However, there is no specific medication to improve the blood status in patients with anaemia caused by chemotherapy drugs, and it is necessary to identify a drug that can restore many of these HSCs (Zhu et al. 2019).