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Naturopathic Medicine and the Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease
Published in Stephen T. Sinatra, Mark C. Houston, Nutritional and Integrative Strategies in Cardiovascular Medicine, 2022
The definition of a vegetarian is one who eats most foods except meat products. There are varying levels of vegetarianism, however, as some vegetarians choose to eat fish (pesco-vegetarians) and/or dairy products and eggs (lacto-ovo vegetarians). There is a wide range of health-promoting vegetarian diets, as some vegetarians may choose to avoid fish and dairy products, but eat in abundance highly refined, processed, and sugary foods that may promote inflammation in the body. As we’ll discuss later in this chapter, avoiding processed, high-sugar, and high-glycemic foods is key for supporting cardiovascular health outcomes.
Renal Disease
Published in Praveen S. Goday, Cassandra L. S. Walia, Pediatric Nutrition for Dietitians, 2022
Molly Wong Vega, Poyyapakkam Srivaths
Dietary control of factors that increase hypertension, obesity, and calcifications become very important for mediation of cardiovascular risk. Dyslipidemia is present in children with CKD and occurs more frequently at later stages of CKD as well as after transplant (more so related to obesity). Standard nutrition therapy for dyslipidemia can be attempted (e.g., reduction in total fat and saturated fat and increase in mono- and polyunsaturated fats). However, these children likely already have a multitude of dietary restrictions making this difficult to achieve. Low cholesterol levels have also been reported as a risk factor in cardiovascular health.
Exercise and Cardiovascular Disease: a Gender Difference
Published in Ronald R. Watson, Marianne Eisinger, Exercise and Disease, 2020
Patricia A. Brill, Christopher B. Scott, Neil F. Gordon
We have subjectively reviewed the literature concerning cardiovascular health enhancement and physical activity and tentatively propose that an energy expenditure of between 14 and 20 kcal/kg of body weight per week may be optimal.60 The amount and the range of this energy expenditure guideline are certainly premature and do not consider gender or health status differences but, nevertheless, provide a reasonable estimate of what may be needed. Almost any activity apparently can be used to obtain this figure, whether it be gardening, dog walking, ice skating, swimming, weight training, or jogging, provided it can be safely adopted by the sedentary individual. That is, individual activity preferences and safety concerns should represent primary considerations of the physical activity prescription. It is of note, however, that large muscle group activities (in particular, those involving the legs) that have been traditionally defined as aerobic (walking, running, biking, swimming, etc.) usually produce the greatest energy expenditure and, therefore, provide an easier means of obtaining the figures mentioned previously. For those individuals whose main goal is physical fitness improvement along with cardiovascular health improvement, it is recommended that in addition to achieving this level of energy expenditure, the exercise intensity should be sufficient to elicit a heart rate response in excess of 60% of the maximal heart rate.61Table 2 provides some insight into the wide variations of activity and energy expenditure that are available.
Developing a predictive equation of cardiovascular age to evaluate cardiovascular health in Chinese community-dwelling women
Published in Health Care for Women International, 2023
Cardiovascular disease is the number one killer of human life. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that approximately 17.9 million people died from cardiovascular diseases worldwide, accounting for 31% of all deaths globally, of which more than three quarters of cardiovascular deaths occurred in low- and middle-income countries (World Health Organization, 2017). In China, the morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular diseases are high and still on the increase. According to the China Cardiovascular Disease Report 2018, the number of cardiovascular patients in China is approximately 290 million, and the number of deaths caused by cardiovascular diseases accounts for more than 40% of the total number of national deaths (Ma et al., 2020). In addition to the risk of death, the high morbidity and disability rates of cardiovascular diseases impose a substantial economic burden on individuals, families and society (Leong et al., 2017; Liu et al., 2019). The Outline of the Healthy China 2030 Plan calls for promoting a healthy lifestyle, reducing the incidence of diseases, and strengthening early diagnosis, treatment and recovery, so as to achieve health for the whole people (The State Council of China, 2016). It is therefore vital to have a regular medical examination, especially to test cardiovascular health outcomes.
Central and brachial pulse pressure predicts cardiovascular and renal events in treated hypertensive patients
Published in Blood Pressure, 2022
Tsuneo Takenaka, Yoichi Ohno, Kazuo Eguchi, Hiroshi Miyashita, Hiromichi Suzuki, Kazuyuki Shimada
The present study demonstrated that sex, height, history of cardiovascular disease, number of antihypertensive drugs and cPP contributed to cardiovascular events in treated hypertensive patients, supporting the importance of central blood pressure in cardiovascular health. Our results for the first time revealed that baseline serum creatinine and bPP predicted renal events. However, with adjustment for history of cardiovascular diseases, Cox regression showed only sex as a predictor of cardiovascular events. Similarly, with adjustment for baseline serum creatinine, Cox regression did not show any parameters significantly contributed to renal events. These data support our previous findings indicating that the absence of cardiovascular or renal diseases is important determinant for event-free survival [17], and further suggest that cPP and bPP are associated with cardiovascular and renal events in treated hypertensive patients.
Reducing 9-1-1 Emergency Medical Service Calls By Implementing A Community Paramedicine Program For Vulnerable Older Adults In Public Housing In Canada: A Multi-Site Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial
Published in Prehospital Emergency Care, 2019
Gina Agarwal, Ricardo Angeles, Melissa Pirrie, Brent McLeod, Francine Marzanek, Jenna Parascandalo, Lehana Thabane
Looking at individual impact, CP@clinic program effects are evident when analyzing data collected specifically from attendees. Although the program focused on health promotion and disease prevention, it had a positive effect on HRQoL domains and there was a QALY gain. The ability of community paramedics to connect with older adults in this circumstance (20), and the resultant improvement in HRQoL complements the family physician’s efforts in a synergistic fashion. We postulate that this improvement in HRQoL and QALYs is a step toward better coping skills and increased resiliency in vulnerable older adults though further research is necessary. The improvement in CANRISK score in attendees versus non-attendees, demonstrates the effect of tailored lifestyle counseling in a population known to have poor health literacy (29). The BP of participants significantly improved and in those with high BP on their first visit, 40.5% had their BP normalize after multiple visits. These results could be indicative of this population’s readiness to accept appropriate help from primary care and community resources when provided in an accessible manner. The long term benefits of these results have yet to be seen, but with individuals changing their lifestyles and taking a preventive approach, major cardiovascular health issues and other chronic disease complications are expected to decrease.