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An Integrated Approach to Creating Healthy Ageing in the Nation
Published in Goh Cheng Soon, Gerard Bodeker, Kishan Kariippanon, Healthy Ageing in Asia, 2022
Noor Hisham Abdullah, Goh Cheng Soon, Noraliza binti Noordin Merican, Sheleaswani binti Inche Zainal Abidin
Ageing population is a global phenomenon. As reported in the World Population Prospects 2019, the number of persons aged 65 and above globally is projected to be more than double between 2019 and 2050 (Department of Economic & Social Affairs, 2019). Particularly in Japan with the high rate of economic growth, it has led the list of aged nation and has experienced a rapid ageing process. 28% of Japan’s population is over 65 years old, thus facing a ‘super-ageing’ society (Muramatsu and Akiyama, 2011). It is expected to increase to 38% by 2050 (Walia, 2019). Hong Kong and Macao Special Administrative Regions of China come next to Japan. According to the World Population Prospects 2019, Malaysia was ranked 45th place with the greatest number of older people in the world (United Nations Population Division, 2019), and we are expected to reach ageing nation status by the year 2030.
Trauma in the Elderly
Published in Ian Greaves, Keith Porter, Jeff Garner, Trauma Care Manual, 2021
Ian Greaves, Keith Porter, Jeff Garner
The ageing population will bring challenges to healthcare providers. The provision of appropriate trauma care with an understanding of the need for aggressive resuscitation and monitoring of elderly patients as well as knowledge of the ageing process and appreciation of injury patterns commonly seen in the elderly are necessary for improved outcome.
Digital health for chronic disease management
Published in Ben Y.F. Fong, Martin C.S. Wong, The Routledge Handbook of Public Health and the Community, 2021
Kelvin K.F. Tsoi, Martin C.S. Wong
The application of digital technology in the health care system is particularly important for effective and efficient patient care in the ageing population. The World Health Organisation launched the first guideline on digital health interventions (DHIs) in 2019 (World Health Organisation, 2019), in the hope of articulating the functionalities of DHIs in pinpointing current challenges on the health care system. The lack of access to information and the loss of tracking on individuals’ health status are the major challenges in health care systems (World Health Organisation, 2019), but they could be improved with the introduction of digital technology. In Hong Kong, a community eHealth project (eHealth) was launched to apply telecare and big data analysis for chronic disease management (The Hong Kong Jockey Club, 2016).
Global article collection: essential reads from around the world
Published in Journal of Medical Economics, 2022
Mihajlo Jakovljevic, Chia Jie Tan, Nathorn Chaiyakunapruk, Guilherme Silva Julian, Kei Long Cheung, Mickael Hiligsmann, Brian Godman, Sylvia Opanga, Paul A. Scuffham, Michael Gregg
The takeaway is that most nation states in the Global South, from Chile to Serbia and Korea to Vietnam (with the exceptions of Sub-Saharan Africa and Afghanistan), have increasingly aging populations and declining fertility. The ageing population has increasing burdens on health systems due to chronic diseases, including dementia, and the income generated by younger populations is used to support those no longer in the labor force. Health technology assessment goes some way to rational decision-making for efficient allocation and use of health resources, but the universal health coverage project23 is pushing governments to increase their healthcare budgets to build and staff hospitals, enhance primary care, and fund public health interventions. A key consideration that is often not factored into healthcare planning and financing decisions is that healthier older people can remain in a productive workforce for longer and therefore contribute to the future costs of healthcare and social welfare. We are seeing this phenomenon in high income countries where the age of retirement (and eligibility for a pension) is increasing. However, the future “payback” is typically not factored into budget decisions on healthcare financing, and healthcare budgets are driven by political parties who may be in power for relatively short election periods.
Costs of oxygen therapy for interstitial lung disease and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A retrospective study from a universal healthcare system
Published in Canadian Journal of Respiratory, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, 2022
Ferhan Saleem, Sana Vahidy, John Fleetham, Loretta Pavan, Claire Normandin, Jordan A. Guenette, Yet H. Khor, Christopher J. Ryerson
Modeling long-term trends for the costs of oxygen is difficult for several reasons. The sample size for COPD was about 10-fold that of ILD. It is likely that a larger ILD sample size would decrease monthly fluctuations. Furthermore, ILD is a heterogenous disease with more variable rates of progression compared to COPD, likely leading to greater variability in oxygen-related costs in patients with ILD. After adjusting for inflation, the annual per capita home oxygen costs in ILD and COPD did not change significantly and were similar between the two diseases over the 5-year follow up period from 2013-2017. VCH HOP had a single contract with its oxygen providers during this time period, precluding a potential stepwise change that can occur when transitioning to a new contract. An additional key factor is the aging population.21 More effective therapies have resulted in slower progression and increased survival, which may delay onset of oxygen initiation, but may also prolong the overall time that each patient receives oxygen supplementation during the course of their disease. The vast majority of the patients included in this study did not continue oxygen beyond 24 months, resulting in a small sample size that prohibited analysis beyond this time. Additional data are needed to better incorporate these and other factors into models that attempt to predict long-term trends in oxygen costs.
Current and Future Needs of Gerontological Social Work Practice in Alberta: Findings from the World Café at the Gerontological Symposium in Edmonton, Canada
Published in Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 2022
Anna Azulai, Hongmei Tong, Kathaleen Quinn, Kelly Mykietka
The Ecological Systems Theory (Bronfenbrenner, 1994) helps to interpret the findings in the light of the conceptual and practical inter-connectedness between the micro, mezzo, exo, and macro levels in addressing the needs of the growing older adult population in their environments. A number of specific steps can help address the challenges faced by the aging population. First, the complexity of the service systems requires significant knowledge and resources to navigate (Charles et al., 2017). Therefore, training social workers to understand the systems and to assist older adults in engaging appropriately is necessary. But so too is making significant changes to the systems to ensure that they are simplified and accessible by older adults without help. Furthermore, specific identified areas of intervention are quite wide-ranging and include the need to reduce poverty, increase transportation options, and increase opportunities for older adults to interact with others, thereby reducing social isolation which is common within older adults in Canada. These findings support the previous research evidence (Menec et al., 2020).