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Potential of Fenugreek in Management of Fibrotic Disorders
Published in Dilip Ghosh, Prasad Thakurdesai, Fenugreek, 2022
Amit D. Kandhare, Sunil Bhaskaran, Subhash L. Bodhankar
Hepatic fibrosis (liver fibrosis) is another critical progressive medical condition that arises from repetitive damage to liver tissue, followed by the accumulation of excessive ECM protein (Nathwani et al. 2019). Chronic hepatic fibrosis leads to liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension, which often needs hepatic transplantation. Numerous evidence suggested that chronic hepatic C virus infection, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, and alcohol abuse are the primary cause of liver fibrosis (Caballeria et al. 2018; Nathwani et al. 2019). The presence of type 2 diabetes, obesity, arterial hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and alcohol consumption are common risk factors for liver fibrosis (Caballeria et al. 2018). The patients with at least one risk factor exhibit a 5% prevalence of hepatic fibrosis (Caballeria et al. 2018).
Introduction to dermatological treatment
Published in Richard Ashton, Barbara Leppard, Differential Diagnosis in Dermatology, 2021
Richard Ashton, Barbara Leppard
Fibrosis of the liver can occur after several years of treatment so do not give to a patient with pre-existing liver disease or anyone who has a history of alcohol abuse. Patients on methotrexate should not drink any alcohol. The development of liver fibrosis can be monitored by measuring blood levels of type 3 procollagen (P3NP) every 6 months. This is a non specific marker of fibrosis and can be raised by other causes of fibrosis making it less useful, e.g. in patients with psoriatic arthritis. In the psoriatic population other causes of liver fibrosis are also common such as alcoholic and non alcoholic fatty liver disease.
Cholestasis and Fibrogenesis
Published in Gianfranco Alpini, Domenico Alvaro, Marco Marzioni, Gene LeSage, Nicholas LaRusso, The Pathophysiology of Biliary Epithelia, 2020
Cholestasis secondary to biliary tree obstruction, either intra- or extrahepatic, is usually associated with progressive liver fibrosis. It is interesting to note that, on the contrary to inflammatory cholangiopathies, obstructive cholangiopathies can lead very rapidly to liver cirrhosis, however liver fibrosis can partially regress if the cause is removed.40 There are two main issues to be addressed in this context: the proliferation of bile ducts and the direct or indirect contribution of bile salts to the fibrogenic process.
Prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection in health checkup participants: a cross-sectional study at University Medical Center, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Published in Hospital Practice, 2023
Nguyen Thi Cam Huong, Nguyen Van Luu, Nguyen Hai Nam, Suhaib Ghula, Ahmad Taysir Atieh Qarawi, Pham Thi Mai Truc, Dang Nguyen Trung an, Nguyen Tien Huy, Pham Thi Le Hoa
Liver fibrosis was highly related to HBV infection in Viet Nam. Interestingly in our study, we found a significantly higher percentage of HBsAg (+) in the group with significant liver fibrosis than in the group without fibrosis (18.5% vs. 8.3%; OR, 2.75; 95% CI, 1.87–4.04; p < 0.001). The cutoff value of APRI of 0.5 for significant fibrosis in this study aimed at appropriate sensitivity (84%) but offered low specificity (41%) [19]. To define liver fibrosis in this study, we used APRI in accordance with abdominal echogram as both criteria can be easily applied at the community level. However, liver fibrosis can also originate from other factors such as fatty liver in obese people, impaired glucose and lipid metabolism, and alcoholic liver injury. Additionally, our analysis found that it is inversely related to high total cholesterol and triglyceride. These inverse relations suggest the need to be further observed.
Mesenchymal stem cell-originated exosomal circDIDO1 suppresses hepatic stellate cell activation by miR-141-3p/PTEN/AKT pathway in human liver fibrosis
Published in Drug Delivery, 2022
Li Ma, Junfeng Wei, Yanli Zeng, Junping Liu, Erhui Xiao, Yuehua Kang, Yi Kang
Liver fibrosis represents a common pathologic process of end-stage liver diseases, which may progress to cirrhosis, liver failure, hepatocellular carcinoma, and ultimately death (Zhang et al., 2016; Ma et al., 2017). It is featured by the excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins and decreased matrix remodeling (Lodder et al., 2015). Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) are considered as the main source of fibrogenic cell type in the liver (Higashi et al., 2017). During liver fibrosis process, HSCs are activated by fibrogenic mediators and cytokines; moreover, activated HSCs lead to the production of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and the section of collagens, which is followed by matrix deposition and fibrosis (Zhang et al., 2016; Shi et al., 2017; Tsuchida & Friedman, 2017). Therefore, prevention of HSC activation is of great significance for attenuating liver fibrosis, and even liver failure.
Deep learning for assessing liver fibrosis based on acoustic nonlinearity maps: an in vivo study of rabbits
Published in Computer Assisted Surgery, 2022
Jinzhen Song, Hao Yin, Jianbo Huang, Zhenru Wu, Chenchen Wei, Tingting Qiu, Yan Luo
Liver fibrosis, which may be caused by hepatic injury such as virus infection and alcohol abuse, is a stage progressing to cirrhosis [1]. Patients with cirrhosis might suffer from several complications, such as hepatocellular carcinomas, esophageal varices and/or hepatic failure [2]. Staging fibrosis stages is essential for prognosis, surveillance and management of patients with liver fibrosis [3,4]. The golden standard of assessing fibrosis stages is liver biopsy [5,6]. However, liver biopsy is invasive so that it may lead to various potential complications such as bleeding and rupture. Meanwhile, sampling errors also limit the diagnostic accuracy. Biomarkers show suboptimal diagnostic accuracy compared with imaging methods [7,8]. Conventional ultrasound, CT and MRI are not sensitive enough for predicting fibrosis. Ultrasound-based elastography is studied for staging liver fibrosis in recent years with good performance [9,10]. Shear wave speed is measured in ultrasound-based elastography such as Transient Elastography and Shear Wave Elastography. Diagnostic accuracy is high for the detection of significant and advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis (area under curve (AUC) > 0.90) [9]. Nevertheless, the cutoff values among various kinds of elastography machines require further investigation. Breath could also affect the reliability and accuracy [11].