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Heartburn/Acid Reflux/Indigestion/Dyspepsia/Pyrosis/GERD
Published in Charles Theisler, Adjuvant Medical Care, 2023
There are many different functional disorders in gastroenterology, including heartburn and indigestion. Indigestion or dyspepsia is recurrent discomfort or pain in the upper abdomen, often described as fullness, bloating, nausea, or heartburn. When acidic gastric contents flow backwards into the esophagus, it produces the symptom of burning pain in the upper abdomen or behind the lower sternum and is known as heartburn. The discomfort may rise into the chest or throat and may be accompanied by belching, a bitter taste in the mouth, regurgitation, or water brash.
Coronary Artery Disease
Published in Jahangir Moini, Matthew Adams, Anthony LoGalbo, Complications of Diabetes Mellitus, 2022
Jahangir Moini, Matthew Adams, Anthony LoGalbo
For some patients, stable angina is only a slight aching sensation. It can quickly become severe and intense, usually described as a crushing sensation, but not usually described as pain. Discomfort is most common under the sternum. It may radiate to the left shoulder and outside portion of the left arm. The discomfort can reach the fingers, move to the back, and jaws. Some patients have described discomfort in the upper abdomen. Atypical angina is less common and involves abdominal distress, bloating, and gas. The patient often believes that indigestion is the cause. Ischemic symptoms usually require a minute or longer to resolve, so very brief sensations are usually not from angina.
Medicines for Weakness: 1900 to c. 1950
Published in John K. Crellin, A Social History of Medicines in the Twentieth Century, 2020
Neither Prescription "A" nor Tanlac belonged to another class of preparations based on enzymes ("ferments") that became very popular as aids to "strengthen" the digestive process. From the 1870s onward, such enzyme preparations (e.g., those containing pepsin, pancreatin, and papain) were widely promoted to physicians and the public. They were taken orally or used to prepare such items as peptonized milk and peptonized beef tea.171 Although Pape's Diapepsin, containing pepsin, for "a weak disordered stomach" was perhaps the best known preparation on the island,172 Dr. Valin's Digestive Elixir also caught the eye of Newfoundlanders. Promoted by banner-style advertisements in 1905 from druggist "G. J. Brocklehurst, Ph.G,, of Carbonear." As "Sole Agent for Dr. Valin's Tonic and Digestive Elixirs," Brocklehurst departed from most advertising in Newfoundland by printing a local testimonial. A Mrs. John Thomas of Carbonear announced, "I am completely cured. For years I suffered acutely from indigestion. I found no relief in the so-called cures that I was constantly taking for this trouble. One bottle of Dr. Valines Digestive Elixir completely cured me."173
Spectrum and pattern of distribution of findings in patients with dyspepsia undergoing oesophago-gastro-duodenoscopy at a Tertiary Hospital in Ibadan, south west, Nigeria
Published in Alexandria Journal of Medicine, 2021
Kolawole Oluseyi Akande, Temitope Olufemi Oke, Oludolapo Afuwape, Tinuola Abiodun Adigun, Adegboyega Akere, Ajibola Aje, Samuel Olawale Ola, Jesse Abiodun Otegbayo
The OGD reports of all the patients aged 18 years and above carried out from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2019 were retrieved from the computer database. The investigators went through all the reports one after the other. Age, sex, indication, year of the procedure and the Consultant who performed the procedure were retrieved from the report. The following indications were taken as dyspepsia: Dyspepsia, epigastric pain, upper abdominal pain, indigestion, upper abdominal bloating. The findings in each report were classified into esophageal, gastric and duodenal. The findings in the esophagus and duodenum were further classified into normal and abnormal findings and those of the stomach into non-ulcer dyspepsia (normal findings and gastritis) and organic dyspepsia (other gastric findings). Patients that had multiple procedures for whatever reason (s) were analyzed just once.
Two placebo-controlled crossover studies in healthy subjects to evaluate gastric acid neutralization by an alginate–antacid formulation (Gaviscon Double Action)
Published in Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy, 2019
Joanne Wilkinson, Khalid Abd-Elaziz, Izaak den Daas, Johan Wemer, Michiel van Haastert, Victoria Hodgkinson, Michelle Foster, Cathal Coyle
Symptoms caused by the reflux of stomach contents are experienced by a large proportion of the general population [1,2]. After meals, newly secreted acid in the stomach forms a layer on top of ingested food rather than mixing with it, acting as a source for acidic gastroesophageal reflux [3]. While heartburn and regurgitation are the most common reflux symptoms [4], there is considerable overlap with symptoms of indigestion, such as epigastric pain and burning [5,6]. Despite the overall level of gastric acid secretion in reflux disease being typically similar to that seen in asymptomatic individuals [7], the most widely adopted therapeutic strategy is the reduction of gastric acidity [8]. However, increasing insight into gastroesophageal reflux pathophysiology has revealed that weakly acidic gastric contents may also elicit symptoms in some individuals and different symptoms vary in their response to acid suppression [9–12]. As such, effective relief from multiple, often fluctuating [13], reflux-associated symptoms may require a strategy that targets both acidity and the reflux of gastric contents [10].
Presence of Helicobacter pylori and Campylobacter ureolyticus in the oral cavity of a Northern Thailand population that experiences stomach pain
Published in Journal of Oral Microbiology, 2018
Amina Basic, Hanna Enerbäck, Sara Waldenström, Emma Östgärd, Narong Suksuart, Gunnar Dahlen
Indigestion or dyspepsia is a common condition with persistent pain or discomfort localized to the upper part of the stomach [1]. It implicates several different medical conditions such as gastritis and peptic ulcer. Approximately, half of the world population is colonized with Helicobacter pylori in the stomach [2]. This bacterial species seems to be more prevalent in developing countries where up to 80% of the children harbor the bacterium in the stomach [3,4]. Infection with H. pylori is treated with antibiotics but reinfection after treatment is common. Previous studies have detected H. pylori in the oral cavity [5,6] and examined the presence of H. pylori in saliva or dental biofilm in association with oral hygiene [6]. The presence of H. pylori in saliva and dental biofilm has been reported to be between 0 and100%, depending on the population studied and the method used for detection of the bacteria [6]. It has been suggested that the oral cavity can function as a reservoir for H. pylori and thereby contribute to reinfection of the stomach. Conversely, other reports claim that the oral cavity is a transient passage for the bacterium [6].