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Systemic Diseases and the Skin
Published in Ayşe Serap Karadağ, Lawrence Charles Parish, Jordan V. Wang, Roxburgh's Common Skin Diseases, 2022
Jana Kazandjieva, Razvigor Darlenski, Nikolai Tsankov
The disease is associated with various benign and malignant conditions and accordingly is divided into seven types: Obesity-associated AN (considered a marker of insulin resistance), syndromic AN (Cushing syndrome, polycystic ovary syndrome, hyperinsulinemia acromegaly, alstrom telangiectasia, Barter syndrome, Beare-Stevenson syndrome, benign encephalopathy, Bloom syndrome, Capozucca syndrome, chondrodystrophy with dwarfism, Costello syndrome, Crouzon syndrome, dermatomyositis, familial pineal body hypertrophy, gigantism, Hashimoto thyroiditis, Hirschowitz syndrome, Lawrence-Moon-Bardet syndrome, Lawrence-Seip syndrome, lipoatrophic diabetes mellitus, lupoid hepatitis, lupus erythematosus, phenylketonuria, pituitary hypogonadism, pseudoacromegaly, Prader-Willi syndrome, pyramidal tract degeneration, Rud syndrome, scleroderma, Stein-Leventhal syndrome, Type A syndrome [HAIR-AN syndrome], Werner syndrome, Wilson syndrome), benign AN, drug-induced AN (nicotinic acid, insulin, pituitary extract, systemic corticosteroids, diethylstilbestrol), familial AN, malignant AN, and mixed-type AN.
Hirsutism and virilism
Published in David M. Luesley, Mark D. Kilby, Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 2016
Mostafa Metwally, William Ledger
The presence of velvety, pigmented skin patches (acanthosis nigricans) in the groin, neck or axillae may point to associated insulin resistance. The combination of hirsutism together with acanthosis nigricans and insulin resistance is a hereditary condition known as HAIR-AN syndrome. It is possibly due to an insulin receptor defect and can be associated with severe hirsutism.6
Pathophysiology and Clinical Management of Diabetes and Prediabetes
Published in Jeffrey I. Mechanick, Elise M. Brett, Nutritional Strategies for the Diabetic & Prediabetic Patient, 2006
Elliot J. Rayfield, Marilyn V. Valentine
Metabolic abnormalities resulting from insulin receptor apparatus mutations range from mild hyperglycemia to severe diabetes. Some patients have hyperandrogenism, insulin resistance, and acanthosis nigricans (HAIR-AN syndrome), which can be associated with polycystic ovary syndrome or hyperthecosis [4]. Other syndromes are associated with extreme insulin resistance [4]: Familial lipodystrophyAcquired lipodystrophyType A insulin resistance syndromeType B insulin resistance syndromeLeprechaunismRabson–Mendenhall syndromeAlström syndrome
Stepwise approach in the management of penile strangulation and penile preservation: 15-year experience in a tertiary care hospital
Published in Arab Journal of Urology, 2019
Sandeep Puvvada, Priyatham Kasaraneni, Ramesh Desi Gowda, Prasad Mylarappa, Manasa T, Kanishk Dokania, Abhishek Kulkarni, Vivek Jayakumar
Most of the case reports have a single constricting foreign body, whereas we had a patient with penile strangulation with two foreign bodies (Figure 8). However, a case report of penile strangulation with seven rings has been reported [8]. The most common motive for penile strangulation in our present study was sexual gratification (four of nine patients) followed by desire to enhance erection, assault, and hair tourniquet syndrome. The two patients who used a foreign body to enhance their erection had a history of erectile dysfunction. A 1-year-old patient had penile strangulation due to hair tourniquet syndrome, as a medically unqualified individual applied a horse hair to control bleeding at the post-circumcision site. Hair tourniquet syndrome has been published for penile hair [9,10], but penile strangulation from the application of horse hair has not been reported before. Penile strangulation has even been reported in literature in Parkinson’s disease [11]. Three of our present patients had a mental disorder, so after treatment of their penile strangulation, they were referred to a psychiatrist for psychotherapy.